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> A life-cycle assessment of primary and secondary use of EV batteries is performed > Three scenarios of battery use in an EV are assessed, characterized by Crate > Two residential energy storage strategies are analyzed: peak shaving and load shifting > Cycling the battery at 0.4C in the EV results in 42-50% less impacts per km than at 0.8C > Benefits of extending the life of the battery strongly depend on the electricity mix

In this paper we will discuss three different Electric Vehicle Charging Strategies known as Dumb Charge, Smart Charge and Vehicle To Grid (V2G); as well as their impacts on the Portuguese Electric Transmission Grid for a 100% Electric Vehicle Fleet scenario. The future interaction between V2G and the large-scale penetration Renewable Resources will also be analyzed.

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Abstract:In this paper, the main Power Quality (PQ) problems are presented with their associated causes and consequences. The economic impacts associated with PQ are characterized. Finally, some solutions to mitigate the PQ problems are presented.

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