The objective of this research was to identify the variables that interfere in the winemak er's decisionmaking during the management of the wine growing system. To characterize the winemaker's decision-making in the management of the vineyard cultivation system, the procedures were: analysis of the selection criteria of the managers before the conventional and biodynamic systems of vinifera cultivation, considering the questions of opportunity costs of production as criterion evaluation of alternatives. It is an exploratory and descriptive study which contains both qualitative and quantitative a nalysis, from an intentional sample, for convenience and nonprobabilistic. It has been discovered that vineyard management is a complex task, which requires information, technical follow-up, and farmers who are willing to realize that production alternatives go beyond the boundaries of the property's gateway. Finally, it was evidenced that management requires the commitment of all the factors, which are part of the productive chain, so the whole production system can remain competitive and attentive to the different opportunities that using the soil can provide.
Viticulture, particularly in the production of viniferous varieties, is one of the most present crops in the State of Rio Grande do Sul. Soil indicators can be highlighted attributes linked to organic carbon, which have often been used, to assess soil quality. The objectives here were: a) to evaluate and compare soil quality characteristics of vineyards in the conventional and biodynamic cultivation system of chardonnay vinifers, together with areas of native forest, in the localities where the vineyards exist; b) to estimate the susceptibility to environmental impacts and possible soil degradation processes caused in soil management from cultivation systems and practices. The study was descriptive, exploratory and comparative of quantitative analysis. The sample was 26 vineyards and 19 corresponding native forests about 8 to 10 sub-samples, at a depth of 0 to 20 cm. The results showed an intermediate condition of VBI in relation to VCO and VAT, confirming the tendency of loss of initial soil characteristics from cultivation, but maintaining several attributes in a condition closer to that observed under natural vegetation.
The study analyzed the variables that interfere in the choice of the soil cultivation system, using conventional and/or biodynamic agricultural practices for the production of Vitis vinifera grapes. The method was an exploratory and descriptive quali-quanti analysis study. The intentional sample, for convenience and non-probability, included 26 vineyards of Vitis vinifera Chardonnay, 19 of which were conventional vineyards and seven in transition to the cultivation system using biodynamic farming practices. It was concluded that economic variables are the driving force in decision making, rather than environmental or social issues in the management of the cultivation system, as well it has also been noticed that some properties are seeking new cultivation practices. In the case of biodynamic agriculture, however, there is a faint signal that environmental issues may gain greater value in equalizing alternatives for decision-making in vineyard management and especially in soil care.
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