SUMMARY:Recent studies revealed multipotent properties of fat tissue isolated mesenchymal stem cells. These cells are successfully used as therapeutic factor for many locomotive disorders, being even more effective than stem cells from bone marrow. Isolated and cultured, AD-MSCs were observed, photographed and measured to compare cells from two different species.

Urolithiasis is a common diagnostic and therapeutic problem in small-animal veterinary practice. The traditional diagnostic approach usually consists of clinical, radiological and ultrasonographic examination of the patient. The main diagnostic material is still urine sediment, ignoring the fact that presence of crystalluria is not always of pathological significance. In order to establish the most effective therapeutic and preventative strategies, especially in the case of multicomponent stone, it is crucial to define the exact elemental composition of the given stone including crystallization nidus chemical contents. In the course of the research, the usefulness of scanning electron microscopy combined with X-ray-dispersive spectrometry in analysis of canine mixed and compound stones was investigated. The obtained results indicated that the tested method allows one to trace the dynamics of the crystallization process, including crystallization nucleus detection, and concurrently and quantitatively assess the elemental composition of the given urinary concrement. Moreover, the conducted research showed epidemiological data of urolithiasis occurrence in a population of dogs coming from the southern part of Poland.

The fascial system is an integral part of the musculoskeletal system. It is a three-dimensional network of connective tissue spreading ubiquitously throughout the body, surrounding muscles, bones, internal organs, nerves, vessels, and other structures. The basic biophysical properties of the fascial system are determined by its structure and chemical composition. This study aimed to determine the elemental composition of pathologically unchanged fascia lata of the thigh, collected during autopsies on humans and dogs. The wide spectrum of elements analysed included both macro and micro elements. The analyses were conducted using scanning electron microscopy with X-ray microanalysis (SEM-EDS). Concentrations of the following macro and micro elements were dermined: C, N, O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, Fe Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn. The obtained results showed significant differences between human and canine fascia lata regarding the content of most of the examined elements (p < 0.05), except for N. These data may in future provide a starting point for the establishment of reference values for the content of various elements in normal fascial tissue and may also serve to verify the usefulness of experimental animal material as a substitute for human tissue.

Twenty-five dogs with signs of atopic dermatitis were included in this study. Additionally, 10 healthy dogs were chosen as healthy skin controls. Skin biopsy specimens were taken from these dogs and evaluated for the following cells: basal cell layer including the number of mitotic figures in this layer, spinous cell layer, macrophages, melanocytes, mast cells and dendritic cells. Identification of mast cells and dendritic cells was performed by means of immunohistochemistry. Histological and statistical investigations showed that the number of mitotic figures in the basal cell layer as well as the number of mast cells, melanocytes, dendritic cells and macrophages was significantly higher in the skin of dogs with atopic dermatitis compared to the healthy dogs (p < 0.01). This finding indicates multilateral quantitative activation within the cellular elements of the skin immune system. Furthermore, marked morphological heterogeneity and distinct degranulation patterns observed among mast cells in atopic skin points to their significant functional activation and confirms that canine atopic dermatitis is still notably a mast cell-dependent disease.

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