a b s t r a c tIn this article we present the extension of the a posteriori error estimation and goaloriented mesh refinement approach from laminar to turbulent flows, which are governed by the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes and k-x turbulence model (RANS-kx) equations. In particular, we consider a discontinuous Galerkin discretization of the RANS-kx equations and use it within an adjoint-based error estimation and adaptive mesh refinement algorithm that targets the reduction of the discretization error in single as well as in multiple aerodynamic force coefficients. The accuracy of the error estimation and the performance of the goal-oriented mesh refinement algorithm is demonstrated for various test cases, including a two-dimensional turbulent flow around a three-element high lift configuration and a three-dimensional turbulent flow around a wing-body configuration.
Over the last few years, the discontinuous Galerkin method (DGM) has demonstrated its excellence in accurate, higher-order numerical simulations for a wide range of applications in computational physics. However, the development of practical, computationally efficient flow solvers for industrial applications is still in the focus of active research. This paper deals with solving the Navier-Stokes equations describing the motion of three-dimensional, viscous compressible fluids. We present details of the PADGE code under development at the German Aerospace Center (DLR) that is aimed at large-scale applications in aerospace engineering. The discussion covers several advanced aspects like the solution of the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes and k-ω turbulence model equations, a curved boundary representation, anisotropic mesh adaptation for reducing output error and techniques for solving the nonlinear algebraic equations. The performance of the solver is assessed for a set of test cases.
Schlämmt man einen geeigneten, feinverteilten und elektrisch leitenden Katalysator in Gegenwart von Wasserstoff oder anderen katalytisch oxydierbaren Stoffen auf, so kann man von diesen Katalysatorpartikeln erhebliche Ströme entnehmen, wenn man diese aufgewirbelten Katalysatorteilchen mit einer anodisch polarisierten Abnehmerelektrode in Kontakt bringt. Der Einfluß der Konzentration des Katalysators und des Brennstoffes, des Materials der Abnehmerelektroden und der Rührung auf die Höhe dieses Stromes wurde bei verschiedenen Katalysatoren untersucht. Außerdem gelang es, die Stromübertragung durch einzelne Katalysatorteilchen oszillographisch zu verfolgen.
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