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PurposeThe purpose of this study was to provide comprehensive overview, and exposure of the correlation between entrepreneurial orientation dimension (EOD) and business innovation environment (BIE) on small and medium enterprises (SMEs) financial performance in the Ghanaian manufacturing SMEs sector that enhances knowledge and contextualization in marketing and entrepreneurship literature.Design/methodology/approachAnchored on resource-based view theory, 520 manufacturing SMEs companies were conveniently drawn from Association of Ghana Industry, through National Board for Small Scale Industries, using structural equation modelling techniques to analyse the hypotheses.FindingsThis study revealed that three entrepreneurial orientation dimensions EOD: risk-taking, innovations and pro-activeness have positive significant impact on financial performance manufacturing of SMEs. BIE also has positive impact on financial performance of manufacturing of SMEs and BIE moderates SMEs financial performance.Research limitations/implicationsThis is a country-specific manufacturing SMEs sector, which means that the findings cannot be used to justify other SMEs in Ghana and SMEs in different country. However, the study was limited to only three EODs: risk-taking, innovations, pro-activeness and Ghanaian manufacturing BIE of SMEs. More countries and other SMEs are needed to expand the field of research in EODs and BIE.Practical implicationsIt provides an insight into BIE which is important for marketers, entrepreneurs, regulatory bodies, SMEs owners-managers, directors, government and NGO to strengthening and reshaping their BIE in manufacturing SMEs sector policies, conducts and laws.Originality/valueThis paper fills knowledge and contextual gap in entrepreneurship and marketing literature by presenting comprehensive overview of BIE and EOD research that enhances the on-going discussion in the marketing and entrepreneurship manufacturing SMEs context and proposing priorities for future research streams within an emerging economy.

For ensuring the safety and reliability of high-speed trains, fault diagnosis (FD) technique plays an important role. Benefiting from the rapid developments of artificial intelligence, intelligent FD (IFD) strategies have obtained much attention in the field of academics and applications, where the qualitative approach is an important branch. Therefore, this survey will present a comprehensive review of these qualitative approaches from both theoretical and practical aspects. The primary task of this paper is to review the current development of these qualitative IFD techniques and then to present some of the latest results. Another major focus of our research is to introduce the background of high-speed trains, like the composition of the core subsystems, system structure, etc., based on which it becomes convenient for researchers to extract the diagnostic knowledge of high-speed trains, where the purpose is to understand how to use these types of knowledge. By reasonable utilization of the knowledge, it is hopeful to address various challenges caused by the coupling among subsystems of high-speed trains. Furthermore, future research trends for qualitative IFD approaches are also presented.

In order to improve the properties of three-phase boost-type PWM rectifiers, scholars in different countries have began to apply nonlinear control theory to study PWM rectifiers. For this purpose, this paper introduces the nonlinear control strategies of three-phase boost-type PWM rectifiers, which includes feedback linearization, passivity control based on Euler-Lagrange( EL) model active disturbance rejection control(ADRC) strategy. Meanwhile this paper reviews nonlinear control strategies above and points to further research.

This study proposes a practical passivity-based control (PBC) strategy of the hybrid rectifier based on Vienna and single switch three-phase boost (SSTPB) rectifiers. For medium and high application, the SSTPB rectifier operates at higher output power state with low frequency, the Vienna rectifier operates at power quality improvement state with high frequency, and the hybrid rectifier has the advantages of perfect sinusoidal input currents, unity power factor, high reliability, high efficiency and low cost. PBC is stable globally and has strong robustness to internal and external interference with less parameters and PBC of the hybrid rectifier has the advantages of less parameters, good dynamic characteristic, high current control precision and strong robustness. The detailed mathematical model based on Euler-Lagrange is built, the sixth harmonic current injection strategy is proposed, and the PBC controller is designed by damping injecting method in the study, and simulation results in SIMULINK are also given. At last, a down-sized hybrid rectifier prototype is built and the experimental results verify correctness and effectiveness of the proposed solution and analysis.

Knowledge has replaced capital and energy as an important resource to enable a company to gain a competitive advantage. Knowledge sharing is the core content of knowledge management and the source of knowledge innovation. As an important resource of the company, the customer plays a vital role in the process of knowledge sharing. Therefore, research on the mechanism of customers' participation in knowledge sharing is especially important. In this paper, from the perspective of knowledge sharing between customers and enterprises, a customer participation model of a knowledge‐sharing mechanism is built based on three aspects: subjective influencing factors of knowledge sharing, objective influencing factors of knowledge sharing, and environmental influencing factors of knowledge sharing. On the basis of 222 valid questionnaires, the theoretical model was verified by using the experimental data analysed by the SPSS and AMOS software. The research shows the following: with respect to the objective influencing factors of knowledge sharing, the timeliness, scarcity, complexity, and economy of knowledge will affect the sharing cost and the expected return of knowledge sharing. With respect to the subjective factors, the sharing ability, the sharing cost, and customer loyalty will affect the knowledge‐sharing behaviour by influencing the knowledge‐sharing willingness. With respect to the environmental influencing factors, technical support and incentive mechanisms can indirectly affect knowledge‐sharing behaviour. In addition, on the one hand, customer loyalty can enhance the knowledge‐sharing ability and sharing willingness. On the other hand, knowledge‐sharing behaviour can enhance customer loyalty and thus form a virtuous cycle.