Research background: The executives of SMEs that have higher innovativeness, risk taking, proactiveness, competitive aggressiveness and autonomy dynamize the strategic posture of SMEs, thus, those firms can reach better financial and economic conditions. However, existence of many differences among countries, such as cultural values and market conditions, can cause variations in EO of these executives. Therefore, this fact can be one of the reasons why the performance and financial power of SMEs differ in various countries.  Purpose of the article: This study aspires to find out the differences in entrepreneurial orientation (EO) of younger and older, female and male, and more and less educated executives of SMEs from various countries. Methods: 1141 Czech and 479 Turkish executives were analyzed separately by the Mann-Whitney U test, to find out the differences in EO. The researcher ran the analyzes by SPSS Statistical Software. Findings & Value added: The results indicate that risk-taking and competitive aggressiveness of the executives differ regarding their gender, while innovativeness, proactiveness and autonomy do not. While there are significant differences between proactiveness, autonomy and innovativeness of older and younger executives, no differences exist in risk-taking and competitive aggressiveness. Regarding educational status, more educated executives perform better in innovativeness, proactiveness and autonomy, while less educated executives have higher propensities in risk taking and competitive aggressiveness. Masculinity, fear of failure, perception of obstacles, motivation of SMEs’ executives and location of businesses might be the reasons of these results. By including the survey respondents from different countries and all dimensions of EO into the analyses, this study finds similarities and differences in gender, age and education levels and of SMEs’ executives and their EO. This research also suggests some policies for governments and institutions to close the gap between EO of the executives. These facts not only make this research to unique, but also constitute a valuable addition to the literature.

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An explosively growing international business model of peer-to-peer ridesharing brings benefits to the customers and provides part-time and full-time jobs for the drivers. While the services are provided mostly by the drivers with low knowledge of economics and finance, provision of the services might be a trap for them in case that they do not take into consideration all costs related to the service provision. The aim of the study was to investigate the economics of the ridesharing providers in case of UBER in Prague, and to create a simulation model estimating the annual performance of the ridesharing transport service operators and classic taxi service from the point of view of individual drivers, considering certain deviations and random effects defined by the stochastic methods using Monte Carlo approach. The results of the modelling show that the net income of Uber drivers is compatible with the taxi drivers only in case of the most expensive Uber Black category, but the net income of ridesharing providers in the category of Uber Pop and Uber Select hardly covers the costs of service provision. The alarming fact is that most of the drivers, who took part in our research, were not capable to acknowledge the hidden costs of ridesharing and were blinded by the vision of a short-term cash incomes without any awareness of the existence of the postponed or implicit costs. While our results confirm that Uber drivers in general are significantly underpaid, Uber Pop and Uber Select services generate a loss for the driver when we take into account the implicit costs of the driver's salary at the level of an average salary in the Czech Republic.