The article focuses on evaluating a transportation experiment that intends to improve road safety by analyzing transport shocks that significantly affect the system of securing the load, vehicle, driver, and other aspects. Within Europe, improper or insufficient securing of loads causes up to 25% of all cargo vehicle accidents. Our transport experiment consists of eight rides of a Tatra truck. The measured values of shocks (acceleration coefficients) are statistically evaluated. Three hypotheses are established for these purposes. First, it is proven that the probability distributions of the shocks values differ statistically significantly among individual rides, namely in their shape and median value. Thus further statistical analyses are performed separately for the individual rides, axes, and the accelerometer locations. These analyses prove significant exceedances of the normatively set limits given by the EN 12195-1:2010 standard, which is potentially risky. Especially for the z axis and y axis, the set 20% limit was exceeded in 75.0% and 56.3% of cases, respectively. In the case of the x axis, the established 20% limit was practically not exceeded at all. The analysis of exceeding the permitted limits (the statistical evaluation of the second and third established hypothesis) is based on boxplots that graphically describe the individual rides, as well as on the found contaminated log-normal distribution of the values of the acceleration coefficients in the individual rides. The last hypothesis regarding exceeding the double value of the permitted limit is rejected. Methods of statistical comparison are used during data analysis. The probability distribution of acceleration coefficients is modeled using a contaminated log-normal distribution.
The paper concerns the comparison of two off-road vehicles on three different types of surfaces with regard to cargo securing requirements. As primary data, the values of the acceleration coefficients are obtained from the transport experiments conducted on the Tatra 815 and the Tatra 810 trucks. The goal of the paper is to identify differences between the operations of both the vehicles in terms of cargo securing in the context of EN 12195-1:2010 standard requirements. An elementary statistical analysis was carried out to evaluate the measured data (values of the acceleration coefficients). Based on the results, there are statistically significant differences between the vehicles, and in several cases deviations from the EN 12195-1:2010 standard assumptions were identified as well. The conclusions above have an influence on the cargo securing selection, and primarily on the lashing capacity of the securing means used. The results are usable in the securing system optimisation for the tested vehicles aiming to prevent risk situations related to the loosening of the cargo during transport.
This paper concerns the possibility of MEMS accelerometers employment in road transportation assessment. It makes use of statistical analysis tools and calculation of securing forces for the sake of road safety enhancement. The transport experiment was carried out and the statistical analysis shows a possible solution to the assessment of shocks during transportation, that in general adversely affect the cargo being transported (cargo securing), the vehicle, the driver, etc. From the results, it follows that even in the case of a high quality road (highway), the values of the shocks at higher speeds considerably exceed the expected magnitudes as defined in the respective standards. The assessment of truck transportation with up-to-date MEMS accelerometers is simple and relatively inexpensive and may represent a considerable contribution to road safety, including associated financial benefits.
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