Aim Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with numerous adverse mental and physical health outcomes. While interest in routine screening for ACEs is growing, there is still significant opposition to universal screening. This review explores the feasibility of implementing routine screening for ACEs in primary care settings. Subject and methods We searched PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO, reference-mined relevant reviews, and consulted with key experts (June 2020). Studies from 1970 to date evaluating screening for childhood trauma, adversity, and ACEs in a routine healthcare setting, reporting quantitative or qualitative data were eligible. The project is registered in Open Science Framework (osf.io/5wef8) and reporting follows PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Results Searches retrieved 1402 citations. Of 246 publications screened as full text, 43 studies met inclusion criteria. Studies evaluated provider burden, familiarity with ACEs, practice characteristics, barriers to screening, frequency of ACE inquiry, reported or desired training, patient comfort, and referrals to support services. Conclusions This review found that the following factors increase the likelihood that ACE screenings can be successfully integrated into healthcare settings: staff trainings that increase provider confidence and competence in administering screenings, accessible and robust mental health resources, and organizational support. Further research should examine the scalability and sustainability of universal screening.
High-performance, flexible, and lightweight powering electrodes are urgently needed to meet the increasing interest in deformable electronic devices, particularly those utilizing solid-state electrolytes and performing at high charging rates, which unfortunately have remained a formidable challenge. Here, by regularly stacking two-dimensional (2D) titanium oxide and carbide sheets, in which the two kinds of sheets are coupled at the molecular level, a self-standing electrode is achieved with ideal mechanical durability and excellent electro chemical performance, including superb rate performance (delivering a capacity of 114 mAh g −1 in 3.4 min) and good cycling stability (remaining >93% after 1000 cycles at 1000 mA g −1 ). Profiting from these advantages, a flexible and safe full lithium-ion battery, employing a poly(ethylene glycol) diamine-based gel polymer as the electrolyte, possesses an excellent power density of 1412 W kg −1 while maintaining a high energy density of 59 Wh kg −1 , which outperforms most documented flexible batteries that utilize liquid electrolytes and is even comparable with some cells using coin configurations. Importantly, the performance was well maintained under mechanical deformation and after multiple breaking and self-healing cycles, demonstrating the feasibility for practical application in wearable powering devices. The results highlight the numerous possibilities for utilizing sheet materials to fabricate wearable electrode materials.
Natural disasters and aging societies are increasingly prevalent globally. To improve environmental injustice and contribute to social good, the Tzu Chi Recycling Program engages older adult volunteers in recycling usable materials into eco-friendly blankets for disaster survivors. Drawing on life span and ecological systems theories, this study examined the longitudinal effects of this program on older adults’ mental and physical health. Using a quasi-experimental longitudinal design, data were collected from older adults at recycling stations (intervention group, n = 36) and community centers (control group, n = 36) in rural areas in Southern Taiwan. Findings from two-way repeated measures analysis of variance show that the program significantly improved older adults’ self-compassion, compassion for others, depression, hostility, happiness, and hypertension. Older adults built resilience and contributed to environmental sustainability and social good, which suggest a new avenue for social work practitioners and policy-makers to address social and environmental challenges.
Electronic products are being updated and replaced much faster and there is therefore an increasing growth in electronic waste (e-waste). In order to promote professional recycling of e-waste, the relevant government departments of China have published a series of policies. This paper aims to unearth the evolution tendency of the networked policies towards holistic governance of China’s e-waste recycling. Content analysis, quantitative text analysis and network analysis are applied to analyze relevant policy documents from 2001 to 2016. This paper illustrates evolution of policy themes, evolution of intergovernmental relationships, and evolution of policy relations. This study reveals policy intentions, maps policy progress, and unearths governance philosophy, providing an overall understanding of the policy ways by which the Chinese government has deployed its guiding strategies on professional recycling of e-waste. This paper illustrates how to approach holistic governance from perspective of networked policies, contributing to answering the central question of holistic governance about how to achieve it.
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