No abstract

No abstract

Octahedral Pt–Cu alloy nanocrystals with tunable composition from PtCu to PtCu3 was successfully synthesized via UPD-like process.

Based on the theoretical model of anion coordination polyhedron growth units, the growth mechanism of the basic magnesium chloride whisker was discussed in this paper． It was found that the basic magnesium chloride whisker habits were related to the different environments in which anion coordination polyhedra grew. The growth units of basic magnesium chloride whiskers are 2 4 [Mg (OH) ]   and 2 4 [Mg Cl ] .  The growth process is the incorporation process of growth units. Growth units will have different incorporations and orientations caused by different system characters or heating. Furthermore, the formation mechanism of basic magnesium chloride whiskers was also interpreted using anion coordination polyhedron growth units.anion coordination polyhedra, basic magnesium chloride, whisker, growth mechanism, crystal morphology Citation: Wu J S, Xiao Y K, Su J Y, et al. The growth mechanism of the basic magnesium chloride whisker.

A multiplex-on-bead-isotope-dimethyl-labeling method was developed for the quantitative analysis of sulfonamides (SAs) in environmental water samples by liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). In this method, five samples could be labeled in parallel with different isotope reagents and quantified in a single LC-HRMS analysis. Magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) was employed in the sample preparation to concentrate the trace-level analytes by using lab-synthesized magnetic carbon nanospheres (MCNSs). After the analytes were captured on the MCNSs, the isotope labeling was performed directly by dispersing the MCNSs in the reaction buffer (on-bead labeling). The experimental conditions for MSPE and labeling were systematically investigated. For the tested 12 SAs, a labeling efficiency of over 99% could be achieved within 20 min. The LC-HRMS separation, including equilibration, could be achieved in 6 min. By combining MSPE (enriched 200-fold), multiplex on-bead dimethyl labeling, and LC-HRMS, all the tested SAs could be reliably quantified with limits of detection (LODs) of 0.1-5 ng/L. This method was verified using fortified pond water spiked with 12 SAs (0.01-5 μg/L), and accuracies of 81-106% were achieved with good reproducibility (RSD < 10%, n = 3), which confirmed its applicability in real-sample analysis. With this method, ice samples collected at the estuary of the Daliao River in northeast China were analyzed; nine SAs (sulfanilamide, sulfapyridine, sulfamethazine, sulfamethizole, sulfachloropyridazine, sulfamethoxypyridazine, sulfameter, sulfathiazole, and sulfisoxazole) were detected at concentrations of 0-85 ng/L, and the total concentrations were in the range of 185-402 ng/L with a median value of 274 ng/L.

Depression has an alarmingly high prevalence worldwide. A growing body of evidence indicates that environmental factors significantly affect the neural development and function of the central nervous system and then induce psychiatric disorders. Early life stress (ELS) affects brain development and has been identified as a major cause of depression. It could promote susceptibility to stress in adulthood. Recent studies have found that ELS induces epigenetic changes that subsequently affect transcriptional rates of differentially expressed genes. The epigenetic modifications involved in ELS include histone modifications, DNA methylation, and non-coding RNA. Understanding of these genetic modifications may identify mechanisms that may lead to new interventions for the treatment of depression. Many reports indicate that different types of ELS induce epigenetic modifications of genes involved in the neurotransmitter systems, such as the dopaminergic system, the serotonergic system, the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic system, and the glutamatergic system, which further regulate gene expression and ultimately induce depression-like behaviors. In this article, we review the effects of epigenetic modifications on the neurotransmitter systems in depression-like outcomes produced by different types of ELS in recent years, aiming to provide new therapeutic targets for patients who suffer from depression.

No abstract

A colorimetric sensor based on TADA–AuNPs accompanied by a masking agent DPC was constructed, with which the rapid quantification of Al3+ can be realized by UV-vis spectroscopy or naked eye observation.