Thousands of genes have been well demonstrated to play important roles in cancer progression. As genes do not function in isolation, they can be grouped into “networks” based on their interactions. In this study, we discover a network regulating Claudin-4 in gastric cancer. We observe that Claudin-4 is up-regulated in gastric cancer and is associated with poor prognosis. Claudin-4 reinforce proliferation, invasion, and EMT in AGS, HGC-27, and SGC-7901 cells, which could be reversed by miR-596 and miR-3620-3p. In addition, lncRNA-KRTAP5-AS1 and lncRNA-TUBB2A could act as competing endogenous RNAs to affect the function of Claudin-4. Our results suggest that non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulatory network of Claudin-4. As such, non-coding RNAs should be considered as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets against gastric cancer.

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Excitation wavelength dependent (Ex-De) emission materials have potential applications in anti-counterfeiting labels and bioimaging.N evertheless,f ew purely organic chromophores are used in these areas.I nt his study,m ultiple excited states were incorporated into am olecule that was excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) active, with the goal of manipulating the relaxation pathwayso ft he excited states.T he triazole derivative exhibits Ex-De photoluminescence (PL), and the maximum PL wavelength is located at 526 nm and 593 nm under as eries of excitation wavelengths.S pectral identification indicates that the excimer and ESIPT processes are responsible for the green (526 nm) and orange (593 nm) fluorescence,r espectively.I mportantly, the quickr esponse code and test strip prepared with this triazole derivative can be used for anti-counterfeiting and food spoilage detection applications,r espectively.T his research opens the door for developing novel Ex-De materials for anti-counterfeiting purposes.The luminescence behavior of most fluorescent molecules follows Kashasr ule,t hat is,t he photoluminescence (PL) wavelength is independent of the excitation wavelength. Exceptions to Kashasrule arise when large energy gaps exist between excited states because of the suppression of the internal conversion (IC) process. [1] Excitation wavelength dependent (Ex-De) emission materials are highly desirable for use in biological labels,a nti-counterfeiting applications [5] and various optoelectronic devices. [2] At ypical Ex-De mol-ecule is azulene,w hich has been widely studied since the 1960s. [1c, 3] However,itisessentially useless because of the low PL efficiencya nd poor color difference.R ecent focus of Ex-De materials has been on nanoparticles (nanocrystals and carbon/silica dots) and metal complexes. [4] Forthe former, the emission wavelength can be shifted by using size control (or size distribution), element doping, and surface states.Surface functional groups,s uch as CÀN/CÀOa nd/or CÀN, can efficiently introduce new energy levels for electron transitions and lead to the Ex-De phenomenon. [4a-c] Fort he latter, incorporating metal ions into an organic ligand, which generally facilitates intersystem crossing from the singlet to triplet states,r esulted in phosphorescence and prompt fluorescence. [4e, 5] Purely organic materials that have the advantages of excellent processability,w ide variety,g ood biocompatibility,a nd appreciable stability are attractive alternatives.U nfortunately,m ost of the purely organic materials exhibit af ast IC process from S 2 to S 1 ,e specially in the aggregated state,a nd as ar esult, the Ex-De fluorescence behavior is rarely observed. Moreover,t heir potential application, especially in anti-counterfeiting applications,has not been well demonstrated.Thetriazole compound BH-BA(Scheme 1), which has the trade name "deferasirox", is aknown commercial drug for the treatment of transfusional chronic iron overload. [6] Interestingly,w ef ind that this purely organic m...

BackgroundThe prognostic value of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) detected with the CellSearch System in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) is controversial. The aim of our meta-analysis was to evaluate whether the detection of CTCs in the peripheral blood with the standardized CellSearch System has prognostic utility for patients with CRC.MethodsThe PubMed, Science Citation Index, Cochrane Database, Embase, and the references in relevant studies were systematically searched (up to December, 2014). No search restrictions were imposed. Our meta-analysis was performed in Stata software, version 12.0 (2011) (Stata Corp, College Station, TX, USA), with the odds ratio (OR), risk ratio (RR), hazard ratio (HR), and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) as the effect measures. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were also conducted.ResultsEleven studies containing 1847 patients with CRC were analyzed. There was a significantly higher incidence of CTCs in the metastasis-positive group than in the metastasis-negative group (OR = 4.06, 95% CI [1.74, 9.50], P < 0.01, I2 = 0%). For hepatic metastasis, a type of metastasis, a higher incidence of CTCs was observed in the hepatic-metastasis-positive group than in the -negative group (OR = 2.61, 95% CI [1.73, 3.96], P < 0.01, I2 = 0%). The presence of CTCs was significantly related to overall survival (HR = 2.00, 95% CI [1.49, 2.69], P < 0.01, I2 = 67.1%) and progression-free survival (HR = 1.80, 95% CI [1.52, 2.13], P < 0.01, I2 = 43.9%) of patients with CRC, regardless of the sampling time. The response rate for the CTC+ groups was significantly lower than that for the CTC− groups at baseline and during treatment (baseline: 33% versus 39%, RR = 0.79, 95% CI [0.63, 0.99], P = 0.04, I2 = 7.0%; during treatment: 17% versus 46%, RR = 0.41, 95% CI [0.22, 0.77], P = 0.01, I2 = 0.0%;).ConclusionsOur meta-analysis indicates that the detection of CTCs in the peripheral blood with the CellSearch System has prognostic utility for patients with CRC.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1218-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.