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Summary In the context of the rapid development of large‐scale renewable energy, large‐scale energy storage technology is widely considered as the most effective means of improving the quality and security of electricity. In the existing energy storage technology, advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage (AA‐CAES) technology has broad application prospects because of its advantages of low pollution, low investment, flexible site selection, and large capacity. However, the lack of an in‐depth understanding of the dynamic characteristics of CAES systems has severely limited the development of system design and control strategy, resulting in a lack of commercial operation of large‐scale CAES systems. This paper describes the design and implementation of a CAES plant and its controller for applications in the distribution network level. The dynamic mathematical models of AA‐CAES were established and a feasible control strategy for the grid‐connected process was developed to analyze the dynamic characteristics of the system in the discharge stage. The work done in this study provided a data reference for the deep understanding of the dynamic characteristics of AA‐CAES, system design, and control strategy in the industry.

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Nowadays, quantity of coal-fired power plant and its single unit capacity are greatly improved in China, and power grid's frequency and peak-load regulation range become wider. Based on the basic regulation theory and unit's characteristics, this paper indicates the limitations of unit's original control strategies and such limitations have produced great damages to coal-fired boilers through assessment of 2 years statistical data of boiler tube explosion in regional power grid. Under field tests, the quantified boiler heat storage capacity of six typical thermal power units in the power grid is provided. Comparisons of these six coal-fired boilers are made for getting the relationships between BHSC and boilers' tube explosion ratio under the in-depth frequency and peak-load regulation. The results show that unit's boiler heat storage capacity varies greatly amongst boilers with different types and is inversely proportional to boiler's installed capacity and steam parameter class, and boiler heat storage capacity is inversely proportional to boiler's tube explosion ratio, which is in conformity with the theory analysis. After that, in-depth frequency and peak-load regulation tests of thermal power units are carried out, respectively. The results show pulverized coal-fired boiler with small boiler heat storage capacity is not suitable for in-depth frequency and peak-load regulation for the safety of power grid and unit itself, while the circulating fluidized bed boiler and pulverized coal-fired boiler with larger boiler heat storage capacity have better adaptability for these functions. Some effective control strategies of frequency and peak-load regulation are presented in load's rate and range by boiler heat storage capacity of units.

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