Bayer AG.

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BackgroundWomen are more susceptible to major depressive disorder (MDD). A possible explanation is that women have a trait tendency to engage in a ruminative response style. Depending on cognitive model of depression, attention bias, memory bias and self-referential bias were closely related among depressed patients. Previous studies have explored the neural mechanism of the cognitive biases by using amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF) or functional connectivity (FC), and few combined these two metrics, especially focusing on female patients.MethodsWe assessed 25 female patients diagnosed with MDD and 13 well matched healthy controls (HCs) using Rs-fMRI. Two metrics ALFF and FC based on abnormal ALFF were explored and made comparisons.ResultsCompared with HCs, female patients with MDD showed that one cluster with significantly decreased ALFF in the left middle occipital gyrus(L-MOG). Furtherly we founded depressed female subjects showed significantly lower FC between the L-MOG seed and left orbitofrontal cortex, and significantly higher FC between the L-MOG seed and left medial prefrontal gyrus and left hippocampus.ConclusionsOur results showed L-MOG may act as a connection, which involved in the processing of cognitive biases of MDD by connected with limbic-cortical regions in resting state. These findings may enhance the understanding of the neurobiological mechanism in female patients with MDD.

There is some evidence that dual-task training can improve single-task walking and balance function in individuals with stroke. However, any firm recommendation cannot be made due to the weak methodology of the studies reviewed.

Background: This study aimed to investigate independent risk factors of postoperative hypoxemia in patients with acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD).Methods: A single-center retrospective study was conducted with enrolled 75 ATAAD patients following surgery, which were stratified into three groups on the basis of the postoperative PaO 2 /FiO 2 ratio: severe hypoxemia group (PaO 2 /FiO 2 ratio ≤100 mmHg); moderate hypoxemia group (100 mmHg < PaO 2 /FiO 2 ratio ≤200 mmHg); and non-hypoxemia group (PaO 2 /FiO 2 ratio >200 mmHg). The patient's demography, perioperative laboratory results, operative details, clinical outcomes were collected and analyzed. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed and logistic regression model was established. Results:The incidence of postoperative severe hypoxemia and hypoxemia was 32% and 52%, respectively. Among the three groups, severe hypoxemia group exhibited a high significance of body mass index (BMI) and preoperative white blood cell (WBC) and main distribution of hypertension; meanwhile, Marfan syndrome was mainly distributed in non-hypoxemia group. On intensive care unit (ICU) admission, severe hypoxemia group exhibited a high significance of Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE II) score of postoperative patients, and more patients would present shock. Moreover, severe hypoxemia group patients had a higher incidence of postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) and usage of renal replacement therapy, longer length of stay (LOS) of ICU, and shorter 28 days ventilator-free days (VFDs). Conclusions:The incidence of postoperative hypoxemia was high in ATAAD patients owing to comprehensive high-risk factors. Besides, postoperative complications negatively impacted their clinical outcomes.

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The MPAL cardioplegia formula was associated with better myocardial protective effects.

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