The household is the unit of society, and its development is the basis for continued development of society. Food consumption is one of the most important parts of family life. This article, which is based on official data, analyses the differences in food consumptions between city inhabitants and rural inhabitants. The results indicated that total carbon emission and direct carbon emission in rural inhabitants were more than those of urban inhabitants; the indirect carbon emission of city inhabitants was more than that of rural inhabitants. The reasons for this phenomenon were related to the differences in diet structure, especially the consumption of meat, eggs and milk. When city and rural areas were compared, urbanization helped to reduce carbon emission. However, in the city, total carbon emission increased with income, urbanization brought about the expansion of carbon release which was stimulated by food consumption.
In order to use the least number of phasor measurement unit (PMU) to guarantee the power system completely observable, an optimal PMU configuration method in power system was put forward. The pre-configuration of PMU was done considering the actual situation of power grid. The genetic algorithm (GA) was used for PMU configuration. Modify the formulae of crossover probability and mutation probability in traditional genetic algorithm to overcome the evolutionary stagnation when the maximum fitness value and the average fitness value in group were equal. The improved adaptive genetic algorithm (IAGA) was obtained. In order to eliminate the premature convergence of GA resulted from the chance and randomness of the crossover operation and mutation operation, the preventing premature operation was introduced. This method combined the IAGA and the preventing premature operation. It has good global astringency, and it can ensure the network complete observability with the minimum number of PMU.
Backup protection chain tripping caused by flow transferring is one of the most concerned issues in power system. The introduction of wide area backup protection is an effective way to solve the problem. However, in wide area protection system, an effective fault location puts forward a high demand for the location algorithm. This paper presented a method which combined effective mathematical methods with fault location calculation in power system together: firstly used fuzzy clustering analysis method for fast classification of voltage, locked the fault area, and prevented the occurrence of even jump accident at the first time. Then determined the fault location by calculating additional nodal current ratio in the fault area. The method avoids the repeated modification of network structure after fault. It lock the fault to the component quickly and improves the efficiency of fault location greatly.
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