Skin-mountable capacitive-type strain
sensors with great linearity
and low hysteresis provide inspiration for the interactions between
human and machine. For practicality, high sensing performance, large
stretchability, and self-healing are demanded but limited by stretchable
electrode and dielectric and interfacial compatibility. Here, we demonstrate
an extremely stretchable and self-healing conductor via both hard
and soft tactics that combine conductive nanowire assemblies with
double dynamic network based on π–π attractions
and Ag–S coordination bonds. The obtained conductor outperforms
the reported stretchable conductors by delivering an elongation of
3250%, resistance change of 223% at 2000% strain, high durability,
and multiresponsive self-healability. Especially, this conductor accommodates
large strain of 1500% at extremely knotted and twisted deformations.
By sandwiching hydrogel conductors with a newly developed dielectric,
ultrahigh stretchability and omni-healability are simultaneously achieved
for the first time for a capacitive strain sensor inspired by metal–thiolate
coordination chemistry, showing great potentials in wearable electronics
and soft robotics.
Label-free electrical detection of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) hybridization was demonstrated using an AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) based transducer with a biofunctionalized gate. The HEMT DNA sensor employed the immobilization of amine-modified single strand DNA on the self-assembled monolayers of 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid. The sensor exhibited a substantial current drop upon introduction of complimentary DNA to the gate well, which is a clear indication of the hybridization. The application of 3 base-pair mismatched target DNA showed little change in output current characteristics of the transistor. Therefore, it can be concluded that our DNA sensor is highly specific to DNA sequences. V
Realizing autonomous self-healing
and high stretchability of flexible
supercapacitors over a wide temperature range remains a big challenge
because of simultaneous incorporation of self-healing, stretchable
and temperature-tolerant elements into a device as well as unfavorable
electrochemical kinetics in harsh conditions. Here, we demonstrate
for the first time an autonomous self-healing and intrinsically stretchable
supercapacitor that can work at all-climate environments assembled
by universally self-healing and highly stretchable organohydrogel
electrodes with record-high temperature-invariant conductivity of
∼965 S/cm. Benefiting from multiple hydrogen bonding and dynamic
metal coordination combined with electrochemistry-favorable components
and integrated device configuration, the supercapacitor exhibits outstanding
long-term stability, high stretchability, instantaneous and complete
capacitive self-healability, and real-time mechanical healing at harsh
temperatures from −35 to 80 °C. The superiorities in stretchability,
self-healability, and all-climate tolerance enable the supercapacitor
presented here as the best performer among the flexible supercapacitors
reported to date.
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