We report three self‐assembled iron complexes that comprised an anti‐parallel open form (o‐Lanti), a parallel open form (o‐Lsyn), and a closed form (c‐L) of diarylethene conformers. Under kinetic control, FeII2(o‐Lanti)3 was isolated, which exhibited a dinuclear structure with diamagnetic properties. Under light‐irradiation control, FeII2(c‐L)3 was prepared and exhibited paramagnetism and spin‐crossover behaviour. Under thermodynamic control and in the presence of indispensable [FeIII(Tp*)(CN)3]−, FeII2(o‐Lanti)3 and FeII2(c‐L)3 transformed into tetranuclear FeIII2FeII2(o‐Lsyn)2, which exhibited complete spin‐crossover behaviour at T1/2=353 K.
The findings suggest that over-expression of TIF1γ occurs in early stages of colorectal carcinogenesis, is inversely related with Smad4 loss, and may be a prognostic indicator for poor outcome.
Rice stalk were pretreated using low concentration alkali and ultrasound combination pretreatment, biogas anaerobic fermentation were used to estimate the pretreatment. The results showed that daily mean biogas production using combined pretreatment stalk was 35.32-48.42% higher than that merely using low concentration alkali pretreatment stalk, 67.79-76.65% higher than that of unpretreated stalk. pH of fermentation broth showed no difference using different pretreatment methods. The content of lignin in lignocellulose were remarkably decreased when low concentration alkali and ultrasound combination pretreatment was used to deal with stalk, almost 41.01% lignin in stalk degraded.
Objectives:To evaluate the antioxidant and free-radical scavenging activities of triethylchebulate (TCL), an aglycone isolated from the fruit of Terminalia chebula Retz.Materials and Methods:Microsomes, mitochondria and red blood cells (RBCs) were isolated from rat liver. The antioxidant capacities were evaluated by determining the inhibitory effects of TCL on lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced RBCs hemolysis and RBCs autoxidative hemolysis. The free-radical scavenging activities were evaluated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and 2´,7´-dichlorodihydrofluorescin diacetate (DCFH2-DA) assay.Result:TCL significantly inhibited FeSO4/Cys-induced microsomes lipid peroxidation and protected both H2O2--induced RBCs hemolysis and RBCs auto-hemolysis in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, TCL demonstrated potent DPPH free-radical scavenging ability with IC50 at 2.4×10-5 M. In addition, TCL also moderately suppressed azide-induced mitochondria ROS formation.Conclusion:These results demonstrated that TCL was a strong antioxidant and free-radical scavenger, which might contribute to the anti-oxidative ability of Terminalia chebula Retz.
Effects of NH4OH, KOH, Ca (OH) 2, CaCO3, and a mixture of CaCO3 and NH4OH as neutralizing agents for efficient recovery of lactic acid fermented by Escherichia coli W were investigated. Maximum productivities of lactic acid were 11.3 g/L, 10.7 g/L, 5.5 g/L, 11.9 g/L, and 12.8 g/L respectively. The mixed neutralizing agent of CaCO3 and NH4OH was testified to be better than any single neutralizer used in this study. CaCO3 was the most appropriate neutralizer among the first four neutralizers, which could make lactic acid precipitate in the form of calcium lactate, and facilitate the downstream separation and extraction of lactic acid. Furthermore, it was a slow type of mild neutralizer and had a limited capacity to regulate pH. NH4OH could regulate pH easily, and it was beneficial to cell growth as an additional nitrogen source, thus resulting in a relatively lower lactic acid production.
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