This paper proposes a group decision framework to model the dependency structure of a complex system based on expert surveys. The proposed framework is designed to systematically populate a dependency matrix whose entry indicates the degree that its row element is influenced by its column element. The degree of dependency is assessed based on two different perspectives-of the influencing element and of the influenced element-and the assessments with the two perspectives are separately compiled and compared in the initial round survey. Entries with large assessment gaps are classified as discussion items and a group decision procedure to reduce the gaps in these items is applied in the consensus round survey. A case study for dependency modeling of critical infrastructures of South Korea was conducted using the proposed framework and its effectiveness was demonstrated. The analysis on the results of the case study discovered an insight that the opinions from the influenced elements are more convincing and respected in the consensus round than those from the influencing elements. C⃝ 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Eng 18: 323-338, 2015
This study aimed to organize the concept and measuring scope of Safety Consciousness to apply it to the Regional Safety Index. The definition and measuring scope of safety consciousness need to be determined objectively so that anyone can accept it, since it can be interpreted subjectively. Therefore, we attempted to develop the logic objectively by analyzing the legal system, social norms, expert opinions, and surveys. First, safety consciousness was defined as a concept that is revealed from personal safety perception to safety action. Second, for perception to be linked to action, a variable that leads an individual to place high value to safety is important. Third, to develop safety consciousness, the following process is necessary: Institutionalization → Culturalization → Perception → Action, which is the measuring scope of safety consciousness. Finally, the roles of the public and individuals, and unclear concepts were clarified.
:This study has analyzed city plans and disaster prevention plans from the perspective of resilience and established a direction of the development of city safety standards. The analysis made use of the 5 functions of resilience (5Rs) and foreign cases. As a result of the analysis, the direction of the development of city safety standards was drawn from 4 perspectives at large. First, this study proposed a method of the systematization of the safety standards involved in components within city plans. Second, it suggested a method to strengthening urban resilience abilities in terms of the association between disaster prevention and city plans. Third, it found out components requiring safety standards considering foreign and other standards, and proposed a direction of complementary measures for safety standards. Lastly, it came up with a direction of the development of city safety standards, the necessity of which are required though existing plan criteria did not contain them. This study is significant in that it has defined the ultimate goal of safety a city should pursue as resilience and proposed a direction of the development of related standards.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.