Task-oriented networked information system is an integrated information system which builds on multi-satellite networking to accomplish one or more tasks. In the background of emergency relief for applications, system working flow and response process are analyzed, and a timeliness effectiveness evaluation index system is constructed at multi-task level. The effectiveness is a measurement of promptness of information return. In evaluation process, system performance and tasks are associated, then an evaluation model based on efficacy function is established, and different evaluation criteria are selected for different tasks. A distributed simulation system is constructed, and the execution of task is decomposed. The simulation platform provides a comprehensive data source for evaluation. The results are easy to compare with each other, which reflects system time efficiency in different satellites networks and provides actual systems with basis and reference for design and application.
The proper assessment of aesthetics and comfort is an important step before launching a new type of apparel. Most current works on this assessment are qualitative and hard to be applied in practical to improve apparel design. In this study, we proposed two quantitative mappings from pattern design parameters to degree of aesthetics and pattern design parameters to degree of comfort for assessing aesthetics and comfort of apparel, and particularly, women's pants have been investigated. Statistical analysis was employed in the mappings' development. An experiment was conducted as a validation for the mappings. Two major conclusions are drawn from this study. The first is that these mappings enable to extract a more advanced pattern for apparel design after the iterative pattern revision. The second is that these mappings are able to be digitalized and then the traditional method of observing feedbacks of aesthetics and comfort for an apparel product can be updated into a more efficient and low-cost one.
Curved surfaces can give plates a unique aesthetic effect and physical advantages in acoustics and optics. Assembling such curved plates can greatly improve the image of buildings and enrich their functions. It is thus not surprising to notice that their wide applications in designed or completed buildings in China have become a trend. Thus, this study offers a comprehensive summary of the application progress of curved plates in the architectural field from three aspects: image expression, acoustic characteristics, and optical characteristics. On this basis, future directions are proposed. The main findings or suggestions are as follows: (1) climate harshness has increased recently, and the safety of structures and materials and the coupling effect of the two must be fully considered when designing the shapes of curved surface buildings; (2) research on the mechanism and numerical calculation of curved diffuser systems with different sizes and curvatures needs to be further developed; and (3) experimental studies of various and complex curved plates and different conditions to explore their optimal reflectivity, transmittance, absorptivity, and other optical properties will be an important development direction.
The retaining structure of a shield tunnel is usually subjected to static loading; however, cyclic loading such as the vibration loading of the train will act on the lining structure year after year that cannot be neglected. Due to the complex manufacturing and assembling process of the lining segment, initial defects in the segment are inevitable. Such defects will propagate under the cyclic loading such as the train vibration, which may cause a large threat to the shield tunnel system. In this paper, a defective shield tunnel lining segment under cyclic loading is studied by both a full-scale experiment and three-dimensional numerical simulations to investigate its fracture properties and failure mechanism and make a rational estimate of its fatigue life. Results show that crack propagation of the defective shield tunnel segment can be identified as several different stages based on its deformation characteristics, and the failure pattern of the segment is determined by its initial defects. The results by the experiment and numerical investigation are in good agreement for each other.
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