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This paper presents an indirect boundary integration equation method for diffraction of plane SV waves by a 2-D cavity in a poroelastic half-space.The Green's functions of compressive and shear wave sources are derived based on Biot's theory. The scattered waves are constructed using fi ctitious wave sources close to the boundary of the cavity, and their magnitudes are determined by the boundary conditions. Verifi cation of the accuracy is performed by: (1) checking the satisfaction extent of the boundary conditions, (2) comparing the degenerated solutions of a single-phased case with wellknown solutions, and (3) examining the numerical stability of the solutions. The nature of diffraction of plane SV waves around a cavity in a poroelastic half-space is investigated by numerical examples.

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Post-earthquake investigations showed that local site condition had significant effect on seismic behavior of pipelines: almost all seismic damages to buried pipelines were either due to permanent ground deformation such as fault movement, landslide and lateral spread, or found in nonuniform ground, and there were few cases that pipelines were damaged only by wave propagation. Earthquake field observations did clearly indicate that relatively high strain occurred in pipelines laid through nonuniform ground. In this paper, an updated and detailed review of site effects on seismic behavior of pipelines is presented. For the purpose, quantitative analysis of damage, earthquake field observation, theoretical and experimental study, and related seismic design are discussed, and research needs are pointed out. [S0094-9930(00)01702-9]

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