Electronic skin (e-skin), mimicking the physical–chemical
and sensory properties of human skin, is promising to be applied as
robotic skins and skin-attachable wearables with multisensory functionalities.
To date, most e-skins are dedicated to sensory function development
to mimic human skins in one or several aspects, yet advanced e-skin
covering all the hyper-attributes (including both the sensory and
physical–chemical properties) of human skins is seldom reported.
Herein, a water-modulated biomimetic hyper-attribute-gel (Hygel) e-skin
with reversible gel–solid transition is proposed, which exhibits
all the desired skin-like physical–chemical properties (stretchability,
self-healing, biocompatibility, biodegradability, weak acidity, antibacterial
activities, flame retardance, and temperature adaptivity), sensory
properties (pressure, temperature, humidity, strain, and contact),
function reconfigurability, and evolvability. Then the Hygel e-skin
is applied as an on-robot e-skin and skin-attached wearable to demonstrate
its highly skin-like attributes in capturing multiple sensory information,
reconfiguring desired functions, and excellent skin compatibility
for real-time gesture recognition via deep learning. This Hygel e-skin
may find more applications in advanced robotics and even skin-replaceable
artificial skin.
Hand gesture recognition is of great importance for human–Metaverse interaction. The human hand is relatively smaller, with very complex articulations than the entire human body. Therefore, precise hand gesture recognition, especially in complicated environments, is still a great challenge. Wearable resistive sensors that could directly characterize joint movements are one of the most promising technologies for hand gesture recognition due to their easy integration, low cost, and simple signal acquisition. Here, we summarize common categories of wearable resistive sensors for hand gesture recognition and review the recent advances. Besides, common strategies for improving waterproofness (molecular design, material modification, and interfacial encapsulation) are also outlined. Perspectives on the advantages of combining machine vision and resistive sensors for accurate hand gesture recognition and dynamic hand gesture tracking are then provided. We hope this review could inspire future research in wearable technologies for human–Metaverse systems.
Laser‐scribed graphene (LSG), with programmable patterns and superior electronic properties, has attracted considerable attention and has been widely investigated for various wearable electronics. However, its characteristics such as easy peeling and weak stretchability have prevented it from further industrial applications. Herein, this work has demonstrated a durable, biodegradable, skin‐conformable LSG‐based strain sensor by using a transfer technology and the dehydration characteristic of a commercial make‐up accessory (nose film colloid), which has been declared as a pollution‐free and skin‐friendly flexible substrate. The sensor exhibits relatively high sensitivity of a gauge factor over 1200, large stretch range of more than 70% and stable piezoresistance responses after 5000 cyclic tests. It has an admirable durability that can maintain a stable resistance after rubbing and scratching of sandpaper, and a biodegradability that can be totally dissolved within a few minutes. A series of human computer interaction applications, such as music glove, have been presented to prove the availability and sweat permeability of the sensor. The environmentally friendly properties of the sensor and the printable fabrication process reveal the possibility of the large‐scale preparation of the flexible strain sensor.
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