The biological activities of lanthanum chloride (LaCl3 ) and the molecular mechanisms of action underlying its anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperphosphatemic, and osteoblast-enhancing effects have been studied previously, but less is known about the effects of LaCl3 on osteoclasts. The present study used in vivo and in vitro approaches to explore the effects of LaCl3 on osteoclasts and osteolysis. The results indicated that LaCl3 concentrations that were non-cytotoxic to mouse bone marrow-derived monocytes attenuated receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-stimulated osteoclastogenesis, bone resorption, mRNA expression of osteoclastogenic genes in these cells, including cathepsin K, calcitonin receptor, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). Further, LaCl3 inhibited RANKL-mediated activation of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway, and downregulated mRNA and protein levels of nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic, calcineurin-dependent 1 (NFATc1), and c-fos. In vivo, LaCl3 attenuated titanium (Ti) particle-induced bone loss in a murine calvarial osteolysis model. Histological analyses revealed that LaCl3 ameliorated bone destruction and decreased the number of TRAP-positive osteoclasts in this model. These results demonstrated that LaCl3 inhibited osteoclast formation, function, and osteoclast-specific gene expression in vitro, and attenuated Ti particle-induced mouse calvarial osteolysis in vivo, where the inhibition of NF-κB signaling and downregulation of NFATc1 and c-fos played an important role.
Abstract. Synovial lipomatosis, also termed lipoma arborescens, is an extremely rare disorder of the synovium that causes joint pain, swelling and effusion. To date, only a small number of cases have been reported in the literature. The current study presents the case of a 44-year-old male with repeated swelling of the metatarsophalangeal joints of the left hallux, which had persisted for ~3 years. The main clinical manifestations on presentation included multiple osseous lumps and limited activity of the left hallux without pain. Magnetic resonance imaging of the left hallux revealed a mass surrounding the left metatarsophalangeal joints. Subsequently, the lesion was resected. Pathological examination revealed well-defined lobules of mature adipocytes separated by thin fibrous septa, which indicated a diagnosis of synovial lipomatosis of the metatarsophalangeal joint of the left foot. The aim of this study was to evaluate synovial lipomatosis of the metatarsophalangeal joint, with an analysis of the clinical parameters and pathological features of the disorder.
Organoids offer a promising strategy for articular tissue regeneration, joint disease modeling, and development of precision medicine. In this study, two types of human stem cells—primary mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)—were employed to engineer organoids that mimicked bone, cartilage and adipose tissue, three key tissue components in articular joints. Prior to organoidogenesis, the iPSCs were first induced into mesenchymal progenitor cells (iMPCs). After characterizing the MSCs and iMPCs, they were used to generate cell-embedded extracellular matrix (ECM) constructs, which then underwent self-aggregation and lineage-specific differentiation in different induction media. Hydroxyapatite nanorods, an osteoinductive bioceramic, were leveraged to generate bone and osteochondral organoids, which effectively enhanced mineralization. The phenotypes of the generated organoids were confirmed on the basis of gene expression profiling and histology. Our findings demonstrate the feasibility and potential of generating articular tissue-recapitulating organoids from MSCs and iPSCs.
Abstract. An aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is a rare, non-neoplastic, destructive, hemorrhagic and expansile lesion accounting for 1% of all bone tumors. This type of lesion predominantly affects long bones and vertebrae. ABC of the metatarsal is rare and only a few cases have been reported in the literature to date. The present study reports a rare case of ABC of the third metatarsal occurring in a 27-year-old male patient, who presented with repeated foot swelling that had lasted for ~1 year. Other clinical manifestations included limping, multiple lumps (defined as masses on or below the skin, as detected by imageological diagnosis) and progressively increasing local pain in his right foot. Magnetic resonance imaging of the right metatarsal revealed a segmented, expansile, multiseptated lesion with fluid-fluid levels. An en bloc resection was performed and the defect was replaced with a tricortical iliac autograft. Pathological analysis of the resected tissue suggested ABC. The present study aims to describe a case of ABC of the metatarsal, a condition that often poses a diagnostic challenge, and to underline the importance of radiological and histological examinations for the accuracy of that diagnosis.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.