Bifunctional Fe3O4@Ag
nanoparticles with both superparamagnetic and antibacterial
properties were prepared by reducing silver nitrate on the surface of
Fe3O4
nanoparticles using the water-in-oil microemulsion method. Formation of well-dispersed nanoparticles with
sizes of 60 ± 20 nm was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering.
X-ray diffraction patterns and UV–visible spectroscopy indicated that both
Fe3O4
and silver are present in the same particle. The superparamagnetism of
Fe3O4@Ag
nanoparticles was confirmed with a vibrating sample magnetometer. Their
antibacterial activity was evaluated by means of minimum inhibitory concentration
value, flow cytometry, and antibacterial rate assays. The results showed that
Fe3O4@Ag
nanoparticles presented good antibacterial performance against
Escherichia coli (gram-negative bacteria), Staphylococcus epidermidis
(gram-positive bacteria) and Bacillus subtilis (spore bacteria). Furthermore,
Fe3O4@Ag
nanoparticles can be easily removed from water by using a
magnetic field to avoid contamination of surroundings. Reclaimed
Fe3O4@Ag
nanoparticles can still have antibacterial capability and can be reused.
Simultaneously improved permittivity and breakdown strength, accompanied with reduced dielectric loss and conductivity, are difficult to achieve in polymer nanocomposites with conductive fillers by blending to construct a homogeneous structure.
COVID-19 has broken out rapidly in nearly all countries worldwide, and has blossomed into a pandemic. Since the beginning of the spread of COVID-19, many scientists have been cooperating to study a vast array of old drugs and new clinical trial drugs to discover potent drugs with anti-COVID-19 activity, including antiviral drugs, antimalarial drugs, immunosuppressants, Chinese medicines, M pro inhibitors, JAK inhibitors, etc. The most commonly used drugs are antiviral compounds, antimalarial drugs and JAK inhibitors. In this review, we summarize mainly the antimalarial drugs chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, the antiviral drugs Favipiravir and Remdesivir, and JAK inhibitor Ruxolitinib, discussing their biological activities, clinical trials and synthesis progress.
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