In recent years, human demand for petroleum resources has been increasing, the exploitation, transportation, and use of offshore oil have also led to frequent offshore oil spills pollution accidents. Once an oil spills accident at sea occurs, it will not only cause waste of petroleum resources and produce economic loss, but also cause great damage to the marine ecological environment. This article reviews the hazards of offshore oil spills pollution, the ways of oil spills, the physical, chemical, and biological treatment technologies of oil spills and gives the prospect.
Viscoelastic damping materials are an effective means to control structural vibration, and are widely used in various fields. In this paper, we use the Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) characterization data of viscoelastic damping materials and dynamic characteristics experiments to study the dynamic characteristics of structural damping, analyze and summarize the relationship between the performance of damping materials with temperature and frequency, and explore the influencing factors of damping materials on structural vibration. The research shows that temperature and frequency have great influence on the performance of damping material, and the storage modulus and loss factor change regularly. The modal experiment analysis verifies that the viscoelastic damping material has a good suppression effect on structural vibration, which provides a theoretical basis for the development of damping materials with controllable temperature and frequency domains.
A new method was proposed to find the characteristic parameters of the vibration induced by the friction and wear of a sliding bearing. The parameters were obtained from the data of vibration signals using vibration sensors and processed with the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) and image technology. We collected the vibration signal of a ZCHSnSb8-8 bearing alloy and drew three-dimensional images with the time-frequency spectrum. Then, the important features were extracted by image segmentation technology. The parameters corresponding to the features were calculated with an algorithm to find the relationship between the parameters and the vibration characteristics. The results in this study revealed that the parameters of the vibration signal quantitatively represented the vibration characteristics of the sliding bearing caused by friction and wear. The new method is useful for assessing the health of a sliding bearing that has been deteriorated by the friction and wear of its friction pair.
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