Australian and international findings report pharmacy staff are motivated to expand and undertake new roles in public health and expressed a strong interest in providing oral healthcare services to the community. We sought to describe consumer experiences within primary oral healthcare, and views about pharmacy staff roles and boundaries in providing oral health services as perceived by a sample of consumers living within metropolitan Australia. Sampling occurred purposively to enable diverse perspectives on the topic. Socioeconomic status, as defined by the Socio-Economic Index for Areas, was used as the primary criteria to stratify focus group recruitment.Thematic, in-depth analysis of focus group discussions was carried out. In all, 34 participants took part in six focus groups, held in metropolitan settings in Queensland, Australia. Findings show that consumers supported pharmacy staff performing noninvasive oral health services including providing oral health education and advice, reviewing medications and recommending evidence-based medications. As services became more invasive (i.e., oral screening and fluoride application), questions and concerns were raised around the appropriateness of the community pharmacy setting and the level of training of pharmacy staff to provide these services. This study identifies the need to support greater integration of oral healthcare roles by community pharmacy staff. Future innovative and collaborative research involving additional stakeholder groups are necessary to explore, develop and test the feasibility and effectiveness of pharmacy-led oral healthcare models.
K E Y W O R D Sdelivery of oral healthcare, integrated care, interprofessional relations, pharmacy staff, primary healthcare
BackgroundEscalator appears everywhere in urban public areas like tubes, malls, and some sorts of entertainment venues in recent years in Shan Xi Province in North China. We benefit facilities but suffer injuries simultaneously from it. Preschoolers are more vulnerable to injuries since they have poor recognition capability of danger. How do escalator-related injuries against preschoolers go like?MethodsFrom all 42 escalator-related injury incidents happened in Shan Xi province with one preschooler victim or more ever reported by the Media, we succeeded in capturing 31 eligible so as to investigate in depth subsequently. Data inputting and analyses were based on SPSS 20.0 to describe the characteristics epidemiologically of escalator-related injury incidents.ResultsThere were 35 preschoolers in 31 escalator-related injury incidents totally. Victims went to different outcomes like death 2, finger loss 8, scalp or skin elsewhere laceration 22, soft tissue contusion 16, bone fracture 2, functional deformity 20, and post-traumatic stress disorder 24. Mal-dressing was the main direct cause (50.08%) to escalator-related injuries among all victims including slippers, any dress or backpack with cord. Other causes contained playing with the rolling belt (23.22%), too long hair or skirt (20.38%), tread for power cut or other reasons (19.39%). Incident area concentrated near the entrance or exit of escalator (82.86%) and only 6 happened in the middle of the stairway following a tread (17.14%).ConclusionsEscalator-related injuries to preschoolers damaged seriously in Shan Xi Province. Better design for the very electric facilities, adequate attention and safety education from families, and reasonable labels or notices around the site, are multilateral intervention approaches and might help.
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