As eries of dye@MOF composites were synthesized through in situ encapsulationo fl uminous rhodamine B( RhB) molecules into ab lue-emissive zirconium-naphthalene-based metal-organic framework (Zr-MOF). The fabricated RhB@Zr-MOFc omposites exhibit tunable dual-emissive characteristics due to the process of resonante nergy transfer from Zr-MOF to RhB. Notably,o ne of the RhB@Zr-MOF composites (R@D3)e xhibited aw eak emissiona t4 20 nm and as tronge mission at 607 nm, for which the two emissions possess large distinctionsi nl ocation and intensity and can be referenced with each other in sensing analytes. By using relative fluorescence intensity insteado ft heir absolute fluorescencei ntensitya st he detection signals, R@D3s erved as ab uilt-in self-calibrated platformt os electively detect Fe 3 + and Cr 2 O 7 2À ions in water.C ompared with the pristine Zr-MOF,t he R@D3 composite showse nhanced sensing selectivity to Fe 3 + and higher sensibility to Cr 2 O 7 2À .T hiss tudy displays the advantageso fc ombining organic dyes with robust Zr-MOFsi nt uning fluorescencea nd sensing performance.

In recent years, effective methods for cyanobacterial blooms treatment have been an important issue. In this study, we demonstrated a rapid catalytic microwave method to deal with Microcystis aeruginosa with FeCl(3)-loaded active carbon. Microcystis aeruginosa damage process was monitored by measuring optical density, chlorophyll-a content, superoxide dismutase activity, l-glutathione content, and turbidity of the treated Microcystis aeruginosa suspension. It was found that this method could quickly and efficiently induce the degradation of Microcystis aeruginosa. On the basis of control experiments and characterization results, we attributed the excellent catalytic performance to the synergy effect between hole-doping of the catalyst and hot spot of microwave irradiation. This work provides a fast and green treatment method for cyanobacterial blooms.

A square-wave adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetric protocol coupled with an improved bismuth film electrode (BiFE) for the determination of trace chromium in the presence of 4-(2-pyridylazo) redorcinol (PAR) has been investigated. A well-defined and sensitive stripping peak of the Cr(III)-PAR complex was observed at −0.57 V (versus SCE) in a 0.1 mol/L acetate buffer solution (pH 5.0) at a deposition potential of −0.45 V. The experimental variables as well as potential interferences were studied. Compared with the BiFE plated in the solution prepared based on HAc-NaAc without trisodium citrate, the improved BiFE electrodeposited in the solution of HAc-NaAc prepared based on containing trisodium citrate displayed a better electroanalytical performance for the determination of chromium(III). Under the optimized conditions, the limit of detection for chromium was 2.0 × 10−10 mol/L and the relative standard deviation was 4.35% at the 1.0 × 10−8 mol/L level (n = 7). This method was applied to determine the trace amount of chromium in several environmental samples.

During NaF-induced apoptosis of LS8, p-ERK and p-JNK were closely associated with induction of apoptosis, which might be a mechanism of dental fluorosis.

Skeletal muscle myofibers are heterogeneous in their metabolism. However, metabolomic profiling of single myofibers has remained difficult. Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a powerful tool for imaging molecular distributions . In this work, we optimized the workflow of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)–based MSI from cryosectioning to metabolomics data analysis to perform high–spatial resolution metabolomic profiling of slow- and fast-twitch myofibers. Combining the advantages of MSI and liquid chromatography–MS (LC-MS), we produced spatial metabolomics results that were more reliable. After the combination of high–spatial resolution MSI and LC-MS metabolomic analysis, we also discovered a new subtype of superfast type 2B myofibers that were enriched for fatty acid oxidative metabolism. Our technological workflow could serve as an engine for metabolomics discoveries, and our approach has the potential to provide critical insights into the metabolic heterogeneity and pathways that underlie fundamental biological processes and disease states.

A square-wave adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetric protocol to determine trace antimony(III) in the presence of gallic acid (GA) at an ex situ prepared bismuth film electrode (BiFE) has been investigated. A well-defined and sensitive stripping peak of the Sb(III)-gallic acid complex was observed at −0.53 V (vs. SCE) in a 0.1M acetate buffer solution (pH 4.8) at a deposition potential of −0.38 V (120 s). The experimental variables as well as potential interferences were studied. Compared with the ex situ mercury film electrode (MFE), the ex situ prepared BiFE displayed a better electroanalytical performance for the determination of antimony(III). Under the optimized conditions, the linear range was obtained between 2-25 μg/L, the limit of detection for antimony(III) was 60 ng/L and the relative standard deviation was 3.37% at the 10 μg/L level (n = 10). This method was applied to determine trace amounts of antimony in several environmental samples with the satisfactory results.

A catalytic adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetric method on an improved bismuth film electrode (BiFE) for the determination of trace germanium in the presence of pyrogallol has been investigated. A well-defined and sensitive stripping peak of Ge(IV)-pyrogallol complex was observed at −0.79 V (versus SCE) in a 0.1 M acetate buffer solution (pH 4.8) at a deposition potential of −0.34 V. The reduction current is catalytically enhanced by adding KBrO 3 . The experimental variables and potential interference were studied. Compared with the BiFE plated in the solution prepared based on HAc-NaAc without trisodium citrate, the improved BiFE electrodeposited in the solution of HAc-NaAc containing trisodium citrate displayed a better electroanalytical performance for the determination of germanium(IV). Under the optimized conditions, the detection limit of Ge(IV) was 60 ng L −1 , and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 3.73% at 5 g L −1 level ( = 9). This method was successfully applied to determine the total germanium in several Chinese herbal remedies.

The well-conserved correlation between juvenility and tissue regeneration was first discussed by Charles Darwin. Ectopic Lin28 is known to play an important role in somatic reprogramming and tissue regeneration, but its endogenous role in tissue regeneration and juvenility had remained unclear. Through lineage tracing, we found that a rare subset of muscle satellite cells expressing Lin28a can respond to acute injury by proliferating as Pax3+ or Pax7+ MuSCs, and contribute to all types of muscle fibers during muscle regeneration. Compared with conventional MuSCs, Lin28a+ MuSCs express more Pax3 and show enhanced myogenic capacity in vitro. In terms of the epigenetic clock, adult Lin28a+ MuSCs lie between adult Pax7+ MuSCs and embryonic Pax7+ myoblasts according to their DNA methylome profiles. We found that Lin28a+ MuSCs upregulate several embryonic limb bud mesoderm transcription factors and could maintain a juvenile state with enhanced stem cell self-renewal and stress-responsiveness in vitro and in vivo. When combined with telomerase and TP53 inhibition to biomimic endogenous Lin28a+ MuSCs, we found that Lin28a can rejuvenate and dedifferentiate aged human skeletal muscle myoblasts into engraftable MuSCs. Mechanistic studies revealed that Lin28a activated the HIF1A pathway by optimizing mitochondrial ROS (mtROS), thereby rejuvenating MuSC self-renewal and muscle regeneration. Our findings connect the stem cell factor Lin28, mtROS metabolism and stress response pathways to the process of stem cell rejuvenation and tissue regeneration.