Objective. Neuregulin 1 (NRG 1) is a member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family and is believed to play an important role in neuroplasticity. However, the relationship between NRG 1 and vascular dementia (VaD) is poorly understood. The purpose of this study is to explore the correlation between neuregulin 1 and VaD. Patients and Methods. From October 2018 to September 2020, 93 VaD patients and 79 control populations who attended Liaocheng People’s Hospital were included in the study. Baseline characteristics including age, gender, years of education, HDL, LDL, FBG, SBP, and DBP are collected. At the same time, peripheral blood was collected, and the concentration of serum NRG 1 was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). All research subjects received professional cognitive function assessment. Results. A total of 93 VaD patients and 79 controls were enrolled. There was no significant difference in age, gender, years of education, HDL, LDL, FBG, SBP, and DBP between the two groups ( p > 0.05 ). However, compared with the control group, VaD patients have lower MoCA and higher serum NRG 1 levels, and the difference is statistically significant ( p < 0.001 ). The correlation analysis of MoCA and baseline characteristics showed that the MoCA score in VaD was significantly negatively correlated with serum NRG 1 ( r = − 0.374 , p = 0.036 ). The results of multivariate regression showed that the MoCA score of VaD patients was only associated with NRG 1 ( β = 0.258 , p = 0.012 ). Conclusions. The concentration of serum NRG 1 in VaD patients is significantly increased, which may be an independent risk factor for cognitive impairment in VaD patients.
Objective. Vascular dementia (VaD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with cognitive decline caused by cerebrovascular factors. Despite the great progress made in the past decade, VaD still lacks effective treatments and peripheral blood biomarkers. In this study, we tested the level of peripheral blood neurofilament light chain (NfL) in VaD patients and explored its relationship with cognitive impairment. Method. A total of 176 study subjects including 80 normal controls (NC) and 96 VaD patients were included in our study. Upon admission, we collected clinical and biochemical characteristics of all research subjects. We also evaluate the Montreal cognitive assessment scale (MoCA) scores of all subjects. The serum NfL level was measured by the single-molecule array (Simoa) method. Results. The years of education in the NC group and VaD group were ( 11.65 ± 3.04 ) years and ( 10.53 ± 3.87 ) years, respectively. Compared with VaD patients, the NC group has a higher level of education ( p = 0.037 ). Furthermore, the results of Simoa indicated that VaD subjects had higher serum NfL levels compared with the NC group [( 8.49 ± 2.37 ) pg/ml vs. ( 19.26 ± 4.71 ) pg/ml, p < 0.001 ]. In terms of other clinical and biochemical characteristics, there was no significant difference between VaD and NC. The Spearman correlation analysis indicated that educational years have a significant positive correlation with MoCA scores ( r = 0.238 , p = 0.041 ), while age and serum NfL levels have a significantly negative correlation with MoCA scores (age: r = − 0.213 , p = 0.040 ; NfL: r = − 0.395 , p = 0.027 ). However, further multiple regression analysis showed that only serum NfL level might serve as an independent risk factor for cognitive decline in VaD ( β = 0.317 , p = 0.021 ). Conclusion. The serum NfL levels in VaD subjects are significantly elevated, which may be used as a potential peripheral blood marker for predicting cognitive impairment in patients with VaD.
Background Cerebral atherosclerosis (AS) leads to high risk of cerebrovascular events. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic performance of serum microRNA-130a-3p (miR-130a-3p) in cerebral AS patients, and construct a logistic risk model for 2-year cerebrovascular events on the basis of the prognostic potential of miR-130a-3p. Methods Serum samples were collected from 74 cerebral AS patients and 62 control individuals, and miR-130a-3p expression was investigated using reverse transcription quantitative PCR. Risk factors related with cerebral AS were assessed using a logistic regression analysis, and the receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic value of miR-130a-3p. The relationship between miR-130a-3p and cerebrovascular events was analyzed using a Kaplan–Meier method, and a logistic risk model was constructed for 2-year cerebrovascular events. Results Cerebral AS patients had elevated serum miR-130a-3p compared with controls (P < 0.001). Serum miR-130a-3p had diagnostic value (AUC = 0.899), and could significantly improve the diagnostic accuracy of total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in cerebral AS patients (AUC = 0.992). High serum miR-130a-3p was independently related with high probability of cerebrovascular events (HR = 1.993, 95% CI = 1.205–2.897, P = 0.006), and a logistic risk model was constructed based on serum miR-130a-3p, hs-CRP, TC and LDL-C. Conclusion All the findings indicated that high serum miR-130a-3p had diagnostic potential to screen cerebral AS, and predicted the probability of cerebrovascular events after AS. The logistic risk model based on miR-130a-3p may provide an efficient method to predict 2-year cerebrovascular events in AS patients.
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