Objective
To investigate the early bone formation in beagles with mini‐lateral window sinus floor elevation and simultaneous implant placement.
Material and methods
Six beagles were selected for the split‐mouth design procedures. In each animal, one maxillary recess received a 5 mm‐diameter mini‐round lateral osteotomy (test group), and the contralateral maxillary recess received a large rectangular osteotomy (10 mm long and 8 mm wide), (control group). Simultaneous implant installation was executed on bilateral maxillary recesses. Tetracycline and calcein dyes were administered on the 14th, 13th days and the 4th, 3rd days prior to sacrifice, respectively. After 8 weeks of healing, the beagles were euthanized for fluorescent labeling and histomorphometric analyses.
Results
In both groups, new bone formation initiated from the circumferential native bone of the maxillary recesses and extended toward the central sub‐recess cavities. The maxillary recesses with the mini‐window procedures exhibited superior mineral apposition rate, bone formation rate, and the percentage of new bone area to those of the group exposed to large osteotomy procedure (p < .05). While there was no significant difference in the value of bone‐to‐implant contact, the mini‐window group displayed a tendency for an increase in this aspect (p > .05). Bone formation rate and new bone amount were not statistically correlated with bone‐to‐implant contact (p > .05).
Conclusion
The hypothesis that mini‐lateral window sinus floor elevation with simultaneous implant placement would improve early new bone formation in augmented sinus compared with large lateral window procedure is accepted.
ObjectiveThis study was performed to establish an optimized beagle model for maxillary sinus floor augmentation via a mini-lateral window with simultaneous implant placement.MethodsTwelve beagles underwent maxillary sinus floor augmentation via a mini-lateral window with simultaneous implant placement through sites selected by analyzing preoperative cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. During the experiment, no maxillary teeth were extracted and the infraorbital nerve was not severed. The osteotomy was only 5 mm in diameter. The implant stability quotient was measured, and postoperative CBCT was used to detect the condition of the sinus membrane and bone augmentation.ResultsThe site corresponding to the tip of the highest dental cusp of the maxillary fourth premolar was suitable for the procedure, and the implant site was on the palatal bone plate. All implants achieved good primary stability. Postoperative CBCT showed no sinus membrane perforation, and the implants penetrated into the sinus cavity surrounded by bone substitute.ConclusionThe herein-described optimized model with mini-lateral osteotomy and without extraction or severing of the infraorbital nerve was minimally invasive, retained more lateral bone of the sinus, and achieved good sinus floor-lifting results. This model is highly reproducible and merits wider application.
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