Chronic wounds remain a major challenge in modern medicine and represent a significant health care burden. Several treatments have been suggested, but without a full understanding of the exact mechanism by which chronic wound occurs. Numerous studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cells/multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) may have therapeutic potential in healing cutaneous chronic wounds through various mechanisms. So far, a series of hypotheses have been proposed, but a holistic image of them is lacking. This review provides a systematic analysis of recent research in animal models and preclinical or clinic trails to evaluate the potential role of MSCs in chronic cutaneous wound healing. Most important, we highlight how mesenchymal stem cells could potentially revolutionize our approach to treating cutaneous chronic wounds. Special attention should be focused on ongoing research regarding the challenges in using and prospects of MSCs in clinical settings.
The mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) supernatant is well known as a rich source of autologous cytokines and universally used for tissue regeneration in current clinical medicine. However, the limitation of conditioned medium used in open-wound repair compels the need to find a more sophisticated way to take advantage of the trophic factors of MSCs. We have now fabricated a three-dimensional membrane from freeze-dried bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-conditioned medium (FBMSC-CM) using a simple freeze-dried protocol. Scanning electron microscopy images showed the microstructure of the FBMSC-CM membrane (FBMSC-CMM) resembling a mesh containing growth factors. ELISA was used to test the paracrine factors retained in the FBMSC-CMM, and the results indicated that FBMSC-CMM withheld over 80% of the paracrine factors. Live/dead assays were adopted to test the toxicity of the FBMSC-CMM on cultured rat dermal fibroblasts, and the results confirmed its biological safety with low toxicity. Moreover, the FBMSC-CMM could significantly accelerate wound healing and enhance the neovascularization as well as epithelialization through strengthening the trophic factors in the wound bed as determined by immunohistochemical staining. Thus, the ability to maintain paracrine factors and enhance the effectiveness of these growth factors in the wound as well as the simple procedure and economical materials required for production qualifies the FBMSC-CMM to be a candidate biomaterial for open-wound regeneration.
There is currently no agreed standard for the definition, classification, etiology, pathological type, location, treatment and prognosis of Marjolin's ulcer (MU). The present study report a case of a 50-year-old male with inguinal lymph node and bone metastases from an MU on a burn scar on the left lower extremity. The patient carried this scar since he was 1 year old and had a chronic scar ulcer ever since. A histopathological examination of the inguinal lymph nodes and the ulcer demonstrated well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Extensive resection was performed; however, the tumor eventually led to bone metastasis in the tibia. A more thorough second surgical resection that included the regional lymph nodes was more effective as the tumor did not recur. The present case report is complemented by presenting a review of the relevant literature, with an aim of aiding in the development of a preliminary clinical path for MU.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.