A highly efficient regular curved retroreflector is proposed to meet the requirements of the US Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) regulations. It is demonstrated that 28% higher retroreflection efficiency and 33% more working area can be accomplished with the new designed retroreflector when compared with the commercial ones used in modern vehicles.Based on pin-bundling technology, the tooling of a reflex reflector mold can be produced, and it can serve as a testing sample or for mass production. In this study, a reflex reflector sample was designed and produced by bundled metal pins for SAE regulations. A curved retroreflector with new cube-corner structure is proposed and demonstrated. By use of genetic algorithms for optimization, the angles and positions of the pins serve as the optimizing parameters to enhance the performance of a curved retroreflector. Compared with conventional retroreflectors, it is found that 28% higher retroreflection efficiency and 33% more working area can be accomplished with our proposed one. effective working area and reflection efficiency are influenced seriously, and that could lead to the retroreflector not complying with SAE regulations [6,16].Based on pin-bundling technology, the tooling of a reflex reflector mold can be produced, and it can serve as a testing sample or for mass production. In this study, a reflex reflector sample was designed and produced by bundled metal pins for SAE regulations. A curved retroreflector with new cube-corner structure is proposed and demonstrated. By use of genetic algorithms for optimization, the angles and positions of the pins serve as the optimizing parameters to enhance the performance of a curved retroreflector. Compared with conventional retroreflectors, it is found that 28% higher retroreflection efficiency and 33% more working area can be accomplished with our proposed one.
To enhance driving safety at night, a new freeform-surface street light luminaire was proposed and evaluated in this study that meets the requirements of the International Commission on Illumination (CIE) M3 class standard for road lighting. The luminaire was designed using simulations to optimize the location of the bulb according to the requirements of the standard. The light source IES file was experimentally obtained for the optimized luminaire prototype with a 150 W ceramic metal halide lamp using an imaging goniophotometer. The trial road lighting simulation results computed by the lighting software DIALux indicated that the proposed luminaire provided an average road surface brightness of 1.1 cd/m2 (compared to a minimum requirement of 1.0 cd/m2), a brightness uniformity of 0.41 (compared to a minimum requirement of 0.4), a longitudinal brightness uniformity of 0.64 (compared to a minimum requirement of 0.6), and a glare factor of 7.6% (compared to a maximum limit of 15%). The findings of the image goniophotometer tests were then confirmed by the results of a certified mirror goniophotometer test conducted by the Taiwan Accreditation Foundation (TAF). The results of this study can be used to provide improved street lighting designs to meet enhanced international standards.
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