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Objetivos. Analizar las diferencias entre casos de trastorno por déficit de atención/hiperactividad (TDAH) y controles en el efecto Stroop, y buscar el mejor modelo basado en la tercera prueba del test de colores y palabras (Stroop-PC) que permita predecir el TDAH y analizar la validez del Stroop-PC para el diagnóstico del trastorno. Sujetos y métodos. Se estudia una muestra de 100 casos de TDAH-criterios del Manual diagnóstico y estadístico de los trastornos mentales, 4 ed. (DSM-IV)-y 100 controles, entre 7 y 11 años, evaluados mediante el test de Stroop. Los controles fueron reclutados de forma aleatoria y emparejados según la edad, el sexo y la zona sociodemográfica con los casos. Resultados. Los casos presentan un estilo cognitivo medio significativamente menos flexible (d =-1,06) y reflejan menor capacidad para inhibir o controlar respuestas automáticas que los controles en todas las edades (7 años: d =-1,67; 8 años: d =-1,02; 9 años: d =-1,32; 10 años: d =-2,04; 11 años: d =-0,89). El modelo de regresión logística que mejor predice el TDAH está formado por edad y Stroop-PC. La formulación derivada del modelo presenta una sensibilidad del 81% y una especificidad del 72%, tomando como prueba de referencia los criterios del DSM-IV para el TDAH. Conclusiones. El Stroop-PC presenta utilidad y validez de criterio complementaria para el diagnóstico de TDAH. Palabras clave. Infancia. Stroop. TDAH. Test de colores y palabras. Trastorno por déficit de atención/hiperactividad. Validez.

Eating disorders are on top of chronic conditions in children and adolescents, and the most severe cases may require hospitalization. Inpatient psychiatric treatment is one of the most expensive ones and therefore the efforts when treating eating disorders should focus on avoiding and shortening admissions, as well as preventing readmissions. Advances in of eating disorders treatment lie in an accurate knowledge of those patients requiring admission. This study examined the Conjunto Mínimo Básico de Datos—the largest public hospitalization database in Spain—to estimate the prevalence of eating and other psychiatric disorders during childhood and adolescence. It is a cross-sectional study of the hospital discharges in Castilla y León (Spain) from 2005 to 2015, in which patients under 18 years old with a psychiatric diagnosis at discharge were selected. Trends in the rates of hospitalization/1000 hospitalizations per year were studied by joinpoint regression analysis. Conclusions: eating disorders were the only group that presented an upward and continuous trend throughout the study period. This statistically significant increase showed an annual change of 7.8%.

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Objective Although there are different tools to evaluate axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), they are hardly used in clinical routine due to time constraints. The Routine Assessment of Patient Index Data 3 (RAPID3) is a composite measure feasible to be used as a sole metric in busy clinics. We aimed to test its measurement properties in patients with axial SpA in a real clinical setting. Methods Cross-sectional study that included 131 consecutive patients with axial SpA. The convergent (Spearman's rho) and discriminant (ROC curve analysis) validity of RAPID3 were tested against several axSpA-specific measures (BASDAI, ASDAS, BASFI, mSASSS). A multivariate model was built to detect disease factors associated with RAPID3 remission (values ≤3). Results The study included 82 men and 49 women, median age of 55 years (IQR: 46-61), and median disease duration of 11 years (IQR: 6-24). Mean RAPID3 was 9.45 ± 6.7. The BASDAI showed moderate correlation with ASDAS (rho: 0.66, p < 0.0001), but higher with BASFI (rho: 0.78, p < 0.0001) and RAPID3 (rho: 0.75, p < 0.0001). The ASDAS had moderate correlations with BASFI, BASDAI, and RAPID3 (ranges from 0.66 to 0.68, p < 0.0001). Higher correlations were found between BASFI and BASDAI (rho: 0.78, p < 0.0001) and BASFI-RAPID3 (rho: 0.73, p < 0.0001). The m-SASSS did not show any correlation with any of the afore-mentioned composite measures. Kappa agreement between RAPID3 remission and other SpA remission criteria was moderate (k: 0.46-0.56). The RAPID3 thresholds to define remission ranged from values ≤2 to ≤ 6 with areas under the ROC curves between 0.86 and 0.91. Female sex (OR 0.34, 95%CI: 0.12- 0.90, p= 0.031) and NSAIDs intake (OR 0.26, 95%CI: 0.10-0.66, p= 0.005) were independently associated with lower odds of achieving RAPID3 remission. Conclusion RAPID3 demonstrated construct validity in this cross-sectional study. This index can be useful for a more comprehensive assessment of axSpA in busy clinical settings.