Covalently coupling toluidine blue O-tiopronin to a gold nanoparticle forms an enhanced, exceptionally potent antimicrobial agent when activated by white light or 632 nm laser light. Aqueous solutions of tiopronin-gold nanoparticles had no antimicrobial effect and, when added to solutions of toluidine blue O, did not enhance the antimicrobial effect of the latter. The minimum bactericidal concentration of the covalently coupled toluidine blue O-tiopronin gold conjugate for Staphylococcus aureus was at least four times lower than that of free toluidine blue O.
Between 1977 and 1997, 190 cases of tinea capitis were observed. The age groups most commonly infected were 1-10 years old. The following dermatophytes were isolated: Microsporum canis (119), Trichophyton mentagrophytes (57), Trichophyton tonsurans (seven), Trichophyton verrucosum (three), Trichophyton violaceum (one), Trichophyton schoenleinii (one), Trichophyton soudanense (one) and Microsporum audouinii (one).
Atmospheric pressure (AP)CVD of molybdenum diselenide films on glass substrates was achieved by reaction of diethyl selenide or di-tert-butylselenide with MoCl 5 at 500-650°C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that the MoSe 2 films were crystalline with a mixed 2Hb/3R polytype stacking and typical cell constants of a = 3.28, c = 6.48 Å (c-axis is × 2 for the 2Hb form and × 3 for the 3R form). Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) gave a Mo/Se ratio close to 1:2 for films formed at 600-650°C, those formed at lower temperatures contained some chlorine. The films were brown in appearance, were adhesive, passed the Scotch tape, test but could be scratched with a steel scalpel. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the films were composed of needlelike agglomerates which became longer and thinner with increasing deposition temperature. The films showed high absorbance in the visible spectrum but were more transparent in the near-infrared.
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