Objetivo: El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar los criterios para síndrome metabólico (SM) de mayor influencia en adolescentes con obesidad. Método: El estudio fue de tipo descriptivo y transversal, la muestra la conformaron 122 adolescentes de nivel preparatoria, seleccionados por un muestreo aleatorio simple. Se realizó somatometría (peso, talla y circunferencia de cintura), así como medición de la presión arterial y toma de muestra sanguínea. Resultados: Predominó la obesidad grado I (68%), el principal criterio para el diagnóstico de síndrome metabólico fue la obesidad abdominal en el 98.4% de los participantes; el 25.4% de estos presentaron tres o más criterios alterados por lo que se consideran con SM, además se encontró asociación entre los niveles de glicemia con la obesidad (p< 0.01). Conclusiones: Los hallazgos de esta investigación mostraron elevada prevalencia de SM en los participantes. La obesidad abdominal es un claro signo de problemas relacionados con el peso y se presenta muy frecuentemente en la población joven con obesidad. La adolescencia es una etapa temprana para educar a las personas y fomentar una vida más sana que permita mantenerlos lejos del desarrollo de enfermedades crónico degenerativas.

Along the Mexico/United States border, migrants are at increased risk of HIV. The objective of our study was to investigate the relationship between two process indicators (self-efficacy to prevent HIV and coping with sexual risk) and safe sexual behaviors in migrants. A correlational design was used. Migrants were recruited from two cities on the northern border of Mexico. Transition theory informed the measurement of self-efficacy and coping process indicators. Three generalized linear models were built for each safe sexual behavior outcome: (a) partner communication, (b) use of condoms, and (c) safe sex. Of 311 migrants, indicators of self-efficacy and coping with sexual risk were associated with all three outcome measures of safe sexual behavior (p < .05). Process indicators explained 22.5% to 30.6% of the variance in the data. Therefore, self-efficacy to prevent HIV and coping ability are important correlates of migrant sexual risk behavior.

IntroductionHuman immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases in the border region of Mexico due to the flow of migrants under desperate conditions, encouraging casual and unprotected sex. Since this has become a binational public health problem, it is important to understand the factors that predict these sexual behaviors. The aim of the current study was to investigate the facilitators and inhibitors of transition in the sexual behavior of migrants from two border regions on the Mexico–United States (US) border.MethodsThis was a predictive and cross-sectional study. A sample of 256 migrants in shelters for migrants on the border between Mexico and US were selected through systematic random sampling. Predictor variables investigated for effect on the safe sexual behavior (SSB) of the migrant were reasons for having sex; sexual attitudes; sexual machismo; knowledge about HIV; access to health services; and social discrimination.ResultsThe sample was predominantly male (89.5%), with 46.1% reporting being single. The average age was 33.38 years (SD = 9.73) and the average number of years of education reported was 8.05 (SD = 3.37). A permissive sexual attitude and sexual machismo both correlated with condom use (rs = 0.130, p < 0.01 and rs = −0.174, p < 0.01, respectively). Regression analysis showed that a permissive sexual attitude decreased the practice of safe sex (β = 0.17, t = 4.16, p < 0.001), as did sexual machismo (β = −0.28, t = −4.83, p < 0.001) and HIV knowledge (β = −0.11, t = −2.62, p = 0.006).DiscussionIt was found that access to health services did not influence the SSB of migrants, as suggested by the literature. However, a permissive sexual attitude, sexual machismo, and HIV knowledge were all variables capable of predicting SSB. It is recommended that the study is extended to study migrant populations from other parts of the border, as well undertaking as a qualitative approach to explore new variables.

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Objective: to determine the relationship between quality of life and functional dependence, family functioning and social support in older adults in northeastern Mexico. Method: this is a quantitative, descriptive and analytical study, with 205 older adults. The Barthel Index, Lawton and Brody Scale, APGAR test, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support and WHOQOL-BREF were applied. Results: the physical, psychological and social dimensions of quality of life are related to functional capacity, family functioning and social support (p< 0.05). Functional capacity and social support predict physical and psychological quality of life. Basic activities, family function and social support predict social quality of life. Instrumental activities and social support predict environmental quality of life. Conclusion: quality of life depends on functional independence, family function and positive perceived health. Independence in basic activities and adequate social support improve physical quality of life. Being independent in basic activities and social support improve psychological quality of life. When presenting a decrease in independence in instrumental activities, perceived quality of life decreases.

Los contagios por VIH siguen en aumento. Las poblaciones migrantes que cruzan la frontera hacia Estados Unidos se consideran en riesgo. La conciencia sobre salud sexual es una variable importante para prevenir Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual (ITS)-Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana (VIH)/Sida, pero actualmente no existe un instrumento en español para medirla. El propósito fue evaluar las características psicométricas de la traducción y adaptación cultural de la Scale of Health Consciousness en 160 migrantes de la frontera norte de México en tránsito a EE. UU. El muestreo fue aleatorio sistemático, se utilizó la metodología del Human Services Research Institute para su adaptación. Los participantes fueron de origen mexicano, 90% hombres, edad promedio de 39.75 y una media de 7.69 años de estudio, la escala presentó consistencia interna de 0.86 y buen ajuste factorial (X2/gl = 2.397, p < 0.001) - (CFI = 0.92 – GFI = 0.92). El instrumento final se considera fiable y con validez de constructo aceptable por lo que se recomienda continuar utilizándolo.

RESUMEN Objetivo: determinar la relación entre la calidad de vida y la dependencia funcional, funcionamiento familiar y apoyo social en adultos mayores del noreste de México. Método: estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y analítico, en 205 adultos mayores. Se aplicó índice de Barthel, Escala de Lawton y Brody, Test de APGAR, Escala Multidimensional de Apoyo Social Percibido y WHOQOL-BREF. Resultados: las dimensiones física, psicológica y social de la calidad de vida están relacionadas con capacidad funcional, funcionamiento familiar y apoyo social (p< 0,05). La capacidad funcional y apoyo social predicen la calidad de vida física y psicológica. Las actividades básicas, función familiar y apoyo social predicen la calidad de vida social; las actividades instrumentales y apoyo social predicen la calidad de vida ambiental. Conclusión: la calidad de vida depende de la independencia funcional, función familiar y percepción positiva de salud. La independencia en actividades básicas y adecuado apoyo social mejoran la calidad de vida física. Ser independiente en actividades básicas y el apoyo social mejoran la calidad de vida psicológica. Al presentar disminución de la independencia en actividades instrumentales, la percepción de la calidad de vida disminuye.