No abstract

Objectives To compare cardiovascular (CV) risks/conditions of Millennials (born 1981-1996) to those of Generation X (born 1965-1980) at ages 20-34 years, across 2 countries (U.S., England), by gender. Methods Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (U.S.) and Health Survey for England, we estimated weighted unadjusted and adjusted gender-specific proportions of CV risk factors/conditions, separately for Millennials and Generation X in each country. We also further calculated sex-specific generational differences in CV risk factor/conditions by income tercile and for individuals with normal body weight. Results Millennials in the U.S. were more obese compared to their Gen X counterparts and more likely to have diabetes risk but less likely to smoke or have high cholesterol. Millennials in England had higher diabetes risk but similar or lower rates of other CV risk/conditions compared to their Gen X counterparts. Generational changes could not be fully attributed to increases in obesity or decreases in income. Discussion We expected that Millennial CV risk factors/conditions would be worse than those of Gen X, particularly in the U.S, because Millennials came of age during the Great Recession and a period of increasing population obesity. Millennials generally fared worse than their Gen X counterparts in terms of obesity and diabetes risk, especially in the U.S., but had lower rates of smoking and high cholesterol in both countries. Secular trends of increasing obesity and decreased economic opportunities did not appear to lead to uniform generational differences in CV risk factors.

Background:The relationship context is influential in shaping HIV risk and preventive behaviors. Yet, there is little understanding about how shared or separate residence of partners shapes perceptions that affect HIV prevention. Methods:We explored how shared or separate residence from one's partner impacts HIV testing intentions among Latino immigrants in the United States. We analyzed data from 206 Latino immigrants residing in New York City, and examined three potential models to assess the relationships between partner residence, partner approval of HIV testing, and HIV testing behaviors.Results: Results indicated that shared residence was associated with greater partner approval to test for HIV (B=0.48, 95% CI 0.01, 0.96, p = .04), and in turn, higher partner approval was associated with greater intention to test for HIV in the next 12 months (B=0.38, 95% CI 0.15, 0.62., p < .01). Conclusions:Results suggest the need to consider partner residency as an important factor in shaping determinants of HIV testing behaviors. Conceptualization of couples as living separately, across national borders, is warranted for couple-based health interventions given the current sociopolitical climate in the United States. Future research focused on couple-based HIV prevention should examine strategies and policies to preserve or strengthen partner dynamics among couples living apart.Terms of use and reuse: academic research for non-commercial purposes, see here for full terms. http://www.springer.com/gb/openaccess/authors-rights/aam-terms-v1

Older Americans experience adverse consequences linked to inadequate assistance with self-care activities. These unmet care needs increase risk of hospitalization, institutionalization, and morbidity. While a growing body of research has focused on disparities in unmet care needs and place of death outcomes among older adults separately, less is known about the intersection between the two: place of death and unmet care needs at the end of life. Therefore, this study utilized data from the National Health & Aging Trends Study (NHATS) to examine patterns of place of death and unmet care needs outcomes among older adults to identify disparities in care and inform policies and programs. We conducted weighted bivariate analyses and multivariate logistic regression models using appropriate survey weights. Findings suggest more than half of older adults experienced an unmet need at the end of their lives and increasing rates of unmet needs are experienced by older adults who died in hospitals. Older adults receiving hospice care were also found to have less unmet needs at the end of their lives. Given the well-documented consequences of unmet needs with self-care activities, ongoing research is needed to better inform policies and programs that provide assistance and support to older adults with their self-care activities during their end of lives.