RESUMO Objetivo: compreender como se configura a assistência de enfermagem a crianças menores de cinco anos em Unidades de Saúde da Família, com foco na integralidade do cuidado. Método: pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa. Os dados foram coletados mediante entrevista semiestruturada com 26 enfermeiras, em um município paulista, entre junho de 2013 e janeiro de 2014, e submetidos a análise de conteúdo, modalidade temática. Resultados: construídas duas categorias. Na primeira, "A prática do cuidado da criança: contribuições da enfermagem", algumas ações foram elencadas para alcance do cuidado integral, e valorizou-se a compreensão da criança como sujeito singular no contexto familiar e comunitário. A categoria "Redes de apoio: tecendo ações e articulações para o acesso e a integralidade do cuidado da criança" revelou a consulta de enfermagem como instrumento de valor às enfermeiras, para as quais a disponibilidade de outros setores e serviços de saúde para atender a criança em suas necessidades viabiliza um cuidado integral. Ressaltou-se ainda a importância do acesso a ações que buscam melhorar a qualidade de vida das crianças e reduzir potenciais riscos para seu crescimento e desenvolvimento. Conclusão: como contribuição, tem-se que as ações das enfermeiras sinalizam caminhos para a integralidade do cuidado, corroborando políticas públicas atuais. Faz-se premente que tais ações sejam valorizadas e transmitidas a cenários de cuidado que ainda carecem de assistir a criança e sua família integralmente e, assim, cumprir compromissos apontados nas agendas destinadas a esta clientela.
This study aimed to identify evidence in the literature regarding the influence of risk factors on child language development and point out the contributions of early stimulation. In this integrative literature review, the databases Lilacs, PubMed and SciELO and the descriptors Child language; Risk factors; Premature; Postterm child; Apgar score; Early intervention were used. From the findings, the following data were extracted: author, year of publication; objective and study design; participants and inclusion criteria; studied variables; main findings. For the organization and analysis of the studies, we used the thematic content analysis technique. We identified 1,421 articles; 29 met the inclusion criteria of this study. The studies were categorized by similar results. Most of the articles reveal the effect of prematurity on language development. Four studies investigated the association between risk factors in general and problems in language development. One study evaluated school-age children and associated Apgar scores with SLI. The authors' recommendation was unanimous about the monitoring and early intervention. We conclude that the risk factors listed in the study negatively influence children's language development. We reinforce the recommendation of early and qualified care for these children, as it contributes to proper development, in order to avoid and / or minimize risks and future changes.
The aim of this descriptive and qualitative study is to analyse how acceptance of mental illness is perceived by family members of the patient and the surrounding community. This study was conducted with the help of 10 families of patients with mental disorders admitted to the psychiatric emergency unit of the Municipal Hospital of Maringá, state of Parana, Brazil. Data were collected from October to December 2010, in open interviews and submitted to thematic content analysis, resulting in three categories: "Care, a constant requirement", "Living with a patient with mental illness: a whirlwind of emotions", "A wall constructed with stigma and prejudgement: the need for deconstruction". The conclusion is that an understanding of the disease is vital for acceptance of the illness itself and of the patient, and that healthcare professionals must remain close to the family to provide support, answer queries related to the disease, and help the family to face the difficulties of everyday life.
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