Abstract:The Pneumorrhachis is the presence of air at the level of the spinal canal. It can have several causes among which are: traumatic, iatrogenic among others. Clinical Cases: We present three cases of male patients handled by our neurosurgery service with traumatic pneumorrhachis patients, which were managed in a conservative manner, with control images. Conclusions: pneumorrhachis has traditionally been classified as internal if air is present in the subdural or subarachnoid space and external if the air is located at the epidural level. We propose a classification in degrees (Moscote-AgrawalPadilla) which is more practical from the clinical and radiological point of view.
Pain originating from sacroiliac joint may also cause pain in the lumbar and gluteal region in 15% of the population. The clinical manifestation represents a public health problem due to the great implications on the quality of life and health-related costs. However, this is a diagnosis that is usually ignored in the general clinical practice; probably because of the unknown etiology, making harder to rule out the potential etiologies of this pathology, or maybe because the clinical criteria that support this pathology are unknown. By describing several diagnostic techniques, many authors have studied the prevalence of this pathology, finding more positive data than expected; coming to the conclusion that even though there is no diagnostic gold standard yet, an important amount of cases might be detected by properly applying several tests at the physical examination. Thus, it is necessary to have knowledge of the physiopathology and clinical presentation so that diagnosis can be made to those patients that manifest this problem. We present a clinical approach for the neurosurgeon.
Se conoce como dolor discogénico lumbar a aquel dolor que es originado a partir de un disco intervertebral a este nivel de la columna vertebral. Entre el 80-90% de las personas han experimentado un dolor lumbar en algún momento de su vida y el 40% de estos son originados en el disco intervertebral. Rrepresenta un motivo de consulta frecuente y es una de las principales causas de ausentismo laboral, generando así, altos costos para los sistemas de salud, no solo por el daño físico directo sino también por el deterioro en la calidad de vida de los pacientes y la mayor frecuencia en ellos de trastornos como depresión mayor y ansiedad. La degeneración discal se ha relacionado con diversos factores genéticos, ambientales, mecánicos y metabólicos. El tabaquismo se ha reconocido como un factor determinante, así mismo la edad, la actividad física asociada a la práctica de algunos deportes y el trabajo pesado desarrollado sin las medidas necesarias. Presentamos una práctica revisión de la literatura.
Abstract:Introduction: Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a common parasitic infection of the central nervous system caused by the larvae of the Taenia solium. Spinal cord involvement is very uncommon. Clinical case: A female patient with a history of NCC presented with chronic and recurrent headache associated with motor and sensory deficit, which develops tonic-clonic convulsion, with spatial disorientation. She also had intracranial hypertension syndrome, meningitis syndrome, and pyramidal sygns suggestive of spinal NCC. Conclusions: Neurocysticercosis usually occurs in developing countries and should be considered as a differential diagnosis of neurological diseases. Early diagnosis and treatment are mandatory, as well as education to the community to primary prevention.
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