Table of contentsP001 - Sepsis impairs the capillary response within hypoxic capillaries and decreases erythrocyte oxygen-dependent ATP effluxR. M. Bateman, M. D. Sharpe, J. E. Jagger, C. G. EllisP002 - Lower serum immunoglobulin G2 level does not predispose to severe flu.J. Solé-Violán, M. López-Rodríguez, E. Herrera-Ramos, J. Ruíz-Hernández, L. Borderías, J. Horcajada, N. González-Quevedo, O. Rajas, M. Briones, F. Rodríguez de Castro, C. Rodríguez GallegoP003 - Brain protective effects of intravenous immunoglobulin through inhibition of complement activation and apoptosis in a rat model of sepsisF. Esen, G. Orhun, P. Ergin Ozcan, E. Senturk, C. Ugur Yilmaz, N. Orhan, N. Arican, M. Kaya, M. Kucukerden, M. Giris, U. Akcan, S. Bilgic Gazioglu, E. TuzunP004 - Adenosine a1 receptor dysfunction is associated with leukopenia: A possible mechanism for sepsis-induced leukopeniaR. Riff, O. Naamani, A. DouvdevaniP005 - Analysis of neutrophil by hyper spectral imaging - A preliminary reportR. Takegawa, H. Yoshida, T. Hirose, N. Yamamoto, H. Hagiya, M. Ojima, Y. Akeda, O. Tasaki, K. Tomono, T. ShimazuP006 - Chemiluminescent intensity assessed by eaa predicts the incidence of postoperative infectious complications following gastrointestinal surgeryS. Ono, T. Kubo, S. Suda, T. Ueno, T. IkedaP007 - Serial change of c1 inhibitor in patients with sepsis – A prospective observational studyT. Hirose, H. Ogura, H. Takahashi, M. Ojima, J. Kang, Y. Nakamura, T. Kojima, T. ShimazuP008 - Comparison of bacteremia and sepsis on sepsis related biomarkersT. Ikeda, S. Suda, Y. Izutani, T. Ueno, S. OnoP009 - The changes of procalcitonin levels in critical patients with abdominal septic shock during blood purificationT. Taniguchi, M. OP010 - Validation of a new sensitive point of care device for rapid measurement of procalcitoninC. Dinter, J. Lotz, B. Eilers, C. Wissmann, R. LottP011 - Infection biomarkers in primary care patients with acute respiratory tract infections – Comparison of procalcitonin and C-reactive proteinM. M. Meili, P. S. SchuetzP012 - Do we need a lower procalcitonin cut off?H. Hawa, M. Sharshir, M. Aburageila, N. SalahuddinP013 - The predictive role of C-reactive protein and procalcitonin biomarkers in central nervous system infections with extensively drug resistant bacteriaV. Chantziara, S. Georgiou, A. Tsimogianni, P. Alexandropoulos, A. Vassi, F. Lagiou, M. Valta, G. Micha, E. Chinou, G. MichaloudisP014 - Changes in endotoxin activity assay and procalcitonin levels after direct hemoperfusion with polymyxin-b immobilized fiberA. Kodaira, T. Ikeda, S. Ono, T. Ueno, S. Suda, Y. Izutani, H. ImaizumiP015 - Diagnostic usefullness of combination biomarkers on ICU admissionM. V. De la Torre-Prados, A. Garcia-De la Torre, A. Enguix-Armada, A. Puerto-Morlan, V. Perez-Valero, A. Garcia-AlcantaraP016 - Platelet function analysis utilising the PFA-100 does not predict infection, bacteraemia, sepsis or outcome in critically ill patientsN. Bolton, J. Dudziak, S. Bonney, A. Tridente, P. NeeP017 - Extracellular histone H3 levels are in...

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OBJECTIVE To identify changes associated with P‐cadherin expression in bladder cancer and evaluate the potential role of such events in determining the clinical outcome and cell behaviour, as the function of P‐cadherin in normal epithelium is unknown, as is its potential role in neoplastic progression in different cancers. MATERIALS AND METHODS In all, 536 bladder tumour specimens from 408 patients were assembled in seven tissue microarrays. Paraffin sections from each array were processed for immunohistochemistry to assess the expression of P‐cadherin. The expression of P‐cadherin was forced using lipofectin, followed by an assessment of migration and invasion potential using standard in vitro assays. RESULTS The absence of P‐cadherin staining was associated with muscle‐invasive disease, grade 3 (P < 0.001) and nodal disease (P = 0.009). Similar results were obtained when considering cytoplasmic and unrestricted localization of P‐cadherin (P < 0.001), except for nodal involvement. The group with cytoplasmic location of P‐cadherin showed a shorter cancer‐specific survival than the group with membrane location of P‐cadherin (P = 0.03). Forced expression of P‐cadherin in EJ and UM‐UC‐3 cells, that constitutively lack P‐cadherin expression, resulted in modulation of catenin expression and enhanced migration of EJ and UM‐UC‐3/P‐cadherin transfectants (>200%). CONCLUSIONS These results showed that loss of expression, cytoplasmic relocation or unrestricted tissue location of P‐cadherin was associated with a poor clinical outcome and prognosis in bladder cancer. From the in vitro work it is evident that P‐cadherin plays a role in regulating the migration potential of bladder carcinoma cells.

Objective: To determine the incidence of prostate cancer identified on holmium enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) specimens and evaluate variables associated with prostate cancer identification.Methods: All patients undergoing HoLEP between 1998 and 2013 were identified.Patients with a known history of prostate cancer were excluded. Multivariable logistic regression assessed variables associated with identification of prostate cancer on HoLEP specimens and Gleason 7 or higher prostate cancer among the malignant cases.Gleason grade was used as a proxy for disease severity. Each of the models was adjusted for age, preoperative PSA, and HoLEP specimen weight. Results:The cohort was comprised of 1272 patients of whom 103 (8.1%) had prostate cancer identified. Prostate cancer cases had higher pre-HoLEP PSA (p=0.06) but lower HoLEP specimen weight (p=0.01). On multivariate logistic regression, age and preoperative PSA were associated with increased odds of prostate cancer being present (p<0.01 each) while increasing HoLEP specimen weight was associated with decreased odds of prostate cancer (p<0.001). Men older than 80 had 20% predicted probability of being diagnosed with prostate cancer. Seventy-eight percent of prostate cancer cases were Gleason 6 or less. Pre-HoLEP PSA was associated with increased adjusted odds of intermediate or high grade prostate cancer. Conclusion:Prostate cancer identified by HoLEP is not uncommon but is generally low risk disease. Older patients with smaller prostate glands have the highest odds of prostate cancer identification.

Although patients with MS anomalies are traditionally thought to harbor infection-related calculi, most will be found to have calculi of metabolic etiology. The incidence of calcium phosphate stones is high in this group of patients, perhaps reflecting their high urinary pH.

Pediatric urolithiasis is an expanding field, due in part to the apparent increase in cases. Research continues, seeking to refine the appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in these unfortunate children.

Serious post-PNL complications are uncommon, but their prompt diagnosis and treatment is imperative. In addition to identifying residual stones, CT is useful in diagnosing postoperative complications. Postoperative CT could potentially be considered for all patients undergoing PNL, particularly in complex cases such as patients with anatomical abnormalities (renal anatomic abnormality or retrorenal colon), patients requiring upper pole access (risk of thoracic, hepatic, and splenic complications), and patients requiring multisite access (higher risk of perinephric hematoma or need for transfusion).

OBJECTIVE To identify the frequency of change in the expression and localization of p120ctn in bladder tumours and its association with clinical outcomes, and to investigate the potential role of p120ctn in the migratory and invasive behaviour of bladder carcinoma cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS In all, 425 superficial tumour specimens (Ta, Tis and T1) and 305 invasive (T2–T4) tumour specimens from 534 patients were assembled in 10 tissue microarrays. P120ctn immunostaining was scored for intensity and cellular localization and correlated with clinical variables and survival analysis. Knockdown of p120ctn was achieved using small‐interference RNA (siRNA) followed by the assessment of migration and invasion behaviour in standard in vitro assays. RESULTS The expression levels of p120 catenin inversely correlated with pathological tumour stage (P < 0.001), histological grade (P < 0.001), presence of lymphovascular invasion (P = 0.02) but not lymph node (LN) involvement (P = 0.17). Non‐membranous localization of p120ctn correlated with stage (P < 0.001), grade (P < 0.001), lymphovascular invasion (P = 0.04) and LN‐positive disease (P = 0.02). A low expression level of p120ctn was linked to a poor outcome in cancer‐specific survival analysis. Knockdown of p120ctn using siRNA resulted in a significant reduction in the migration and invasive potential of bladder carcinoma cells. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that p120ctn acts as a prognostic factor in bladder tumours and has a primary role to play in the migratory and invasive behaviour of bladder carcinoma cells.