The paper discusses the expansion of the universal health coverage (UHC) in Taiwan through the establishment of National Health Insurance (NHI), and the fiscal crisis it caused. Two key questions are addressed: How did the NHI gradually achieve universal coverage, and yet cause Taiwanese health spending to escalate to fiscal crisis? What measures have been taken to reform the NHI finance and achieve moderate success to date? The main argument of this paper is that the Taiwanese Government did try to implement various reforms to save costs and had moderate success, but the path-dependent process of reform does not allow increasing contribution rates significantly and thereby makes sustainability challenging.
This study examined elementary school teachers’ attitudes toward immigrant students and their families in Russia and Taiwan. Qualitative methodology was used for data collection. Teachers’ attitudes and conceptual orientations toward cultural diversity in the classroom were identified. Teachers’ attitudes were categorized into three groups: Attitudes toward children, parents, and diverse ethnic groups. The study found that country-specific attitudes were similar. Both countries prioritize cognition. The Russian teacher may not acknowledge cultural variance (personal attitude) and hold all students to the same standards (professional attitude). Prior experiences have made the Taiwanese instructor more accepting of cultural variety. Teachers of immigrant children often tackle language concerns. Some instructors are less welcoming of immigrants at home. Educators judge immigrants depending on their natal country. These impressions may encourage prejudice, some say. Many teachers dislike minority students. Negative attitudes concerning student achievement lead to low expectations. Instructors use more tolerant approaches with more multicultural engagement.
This study analyzes the factors that influence poverty alleviation in Aceh, Indonesia. It looks at the priority given to poverty reduction in the budget and the effectiveness with which it is addressed and disseminated. To determine good practices and lessons learnt from this process of poverty alleviation public expenditure, we examine the written material on poverty in Aceh, budget documents, focus group discussions, and interviews with stakeholders in the policy process in the government, community leaders, and the community. We also look at the structural and cultural problems believed to be at heart of Aceh’s high levels of poverty.
Chinese students studying in Taiwan provide a possible approach for Taiwan to overcome international position dilemmas. Regarding changes in participants’ acceptance of Taiwanese international participation, we found that 43.75% exhibited increased acceptance. The regression model employed in this research explained 26.36% of the variance.
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