Dating apps are an increasingly common element of modern dating, yet little research describes users’ experiences rejecting potential partners through these apps. This study examines how female Bumble users reject potential partners online in relation to self-disclosure, perceived partner disclosure, pre-rejection stress, and app usage. To investigate these issues, we conducted an online survey of 419 female Bumble users who had recently rejected someone through the app. Results revealed that women on Bumble employ ghosting strategies far more often than confrontational rejection and suggest that the degree to which women self-disclose, perceive a partner’s self-disclosure, and experience pre-rejection stress may impact their rejection strategies. This study informs the hyperpersonal model by demonstrating that reciprocal disclosure may characterize online dating interactions—even in relationships that fail to reach the face-to-face stage. However, results also broach the possibility of communication burnout in online dating, in which some users may lessen self-disclosure after extensive app usage.
This study examined body representation as it relates to the physical, mental, and social qualities of major characters (N = 323) within Disney animated films released from 1937 to 2019. The content analysis began with Snow White (1937) and ended with Frozen II (2019), resulting in an examination of animated and computer-animated human characters found in 61 films. The findings revealed that many of the assessed body representations reflected patterns found in related research-with a majority of characters portrayed with either average or above-average body weights. Nevertheless, nuances in the data emerged, with a perpetuation of the "beauty is good" theme, dissonance between the current study and previous literature in representations of Black body weights and positive attributes such as character leadership associated with average or above-average body weights. The authors call for further research as Disney continues to serve as a global, high-consuming children's media source.
Public Policy Relevance StatementUnderstanding popular media's representation of bodies-such as those portrayed in the Disney animated film genre-has become increasingly important as these often-accessible depictions can influence children's perceptions of themselves and the surrounding world. This study's findings revealed a majority of Disney animated characters were portrayed with either average or above average body weights; nevertheless, we observed that body thinness was associated with attractiveness, leadership was associated with those who possess larger physiques, and major characters tended to be shorter and more stereotypically portrayed in terms of body size and shape. We recommend increased discussion between parents and children about body depictions seen in Disney animated films so that parents may better serve in helping children to develop healthy body images.
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