There have been many publications in recent years reporting on the quantity of physical activity among college students using indirect indicators such as steps walked per day or time spent on physical activities. The purpose of this study was to describe the trends of physical fitness related to BMI and body fat among university students between 1996 and 2008. The results showed a significant decline in the average fitness levels measured as an estimation of VO2max for male and female students (p < 0.001 for both sexes). The linear trend for BMI by years was not significant for both sexes (p for males = 0.772, p for females = 0.253). On average, in the last 13 years, % body fat was increasing 0.513%/year for males and 0.654%/year for females. There is a significant indirect correlation between the student’s VO2max levels and % body fat, r = −0.489; p < 0.001 for males; and r = −0.416, p < 0.001 for females. Approximately 23.9% of the variance in the VO2max levels in males and 17.3% in females can be explained by the variance in % body fat. The results support recent findings that physical fitness among college students is declining and body fatness is increasing.

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Numerous studies have been conducted to test the causal relationship among role conflict, role satisfaction and stress. However, they are mostly done in the USA. Given that Chinese culture is different from American culture, models developed in the West may not apply to the Chinese population. This study, therefore, examined the causal relationship among work conflict, family conflict, job satisfaction, marital satisfaction, life satisfaction and stress. Subjects of this study included nurses, social workers, and managers in Hong Kong. Path analysis was conducted and its result showed a good fit of the model. The findings indicate that job satisfaction and marital satisfaction experienced by the subjects were affected by work conflict and family conflict as well as inter‐role conflict. Likewise, their stress level was also influenced by life satisfaction which in turn was affected by job satisfaction and marital satisfaction.

Numerous research studies have demonstrated an exodus of emerging adults from churches throughout Christian denominations. As the United States becomes an increasingly post-Christian society, studying a Christian community whose identity has largely drawn from a minority position could provide helpful insight into maintaining relevance as Christianity moves into minority status. This paper examines how recent emerging adult graduates of Seventh-day Adventist universities connect with or disconnect from both the denomination as a whole and with local churches in the context of identity, community, orthodoxy, and orthopraxy. Through a two-phased mixed methodology approach, researchers conducted semi-structured interviews with self-selected focus groups of recent college graduates, developed an inductively generated survey instrument, and then electronically distributed the survey via email to recent Adventist college graduates. The results suggested ten themes that require further discussion. Particularly notable is the influence personal religiosity has on the sample's acceptance of Adventist teachings and faith practice, as well as the negative impact participants' media usage and transitory lifestyles have on their connection to local churches. Overall, the majority of the sample identified as connected to the Adventist Church, and even many who appear to have disconnected from the Adventist Church remain engaged in a variety of nontraditional ways. Due to the exploratory nature of the research and the voluntary response sample, extrapolation of the results to a wider population may be limited. However, the findings offer valuable insights and understanding into possible reasons for high attrition rates of young adults from the Adventist Church and provide an important foundation for further research both within the Adventist church and in the wider Christian community. Twelve of the created scales concerning Identity, Community, Orthodoxy, and Orthopraxy had a Cronbach's alpha between 0.814 and 0.942. The three remaining scales (all related to Community) had a Cronbach's alpha of 0.610, 0.768, and 0.776 respectively. This shows that overall the scales had very good internal consistency and accurately measured the variables of interest. Hence, the research instrument created for this study is of value and can be used in future studies as well as serve as a guide to researchers who may want to build on this work.

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The authors discuss the use of the Developmental Advising Inventory (DAI) as a tool not only in academic advising but also in developing meaningful programs in a number of other student service areas. They describe the development of a Student Development Curriculum Model, constructed with national data using the DAI, a co-curricular program linking student development curriculum with academic curriculum that demands a systems approach in which developmental theory, assessment, and programming are fully integrated.

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