1,3-Dioleoyl-2-palmitoylglycerol (OPO)-rich human milk fat substitute (HMFS) was synthesized from tripalmitin (PPP)-rich fraction and oleic ethyl ester by a lipase-catalyzed interesterification. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the presence of palmitic acid at sn-2 position (Y 1 , %) and of oleic acid at sn-1,3 (Y 2 , %), with the reaction factors as substrate molar ratio of PPP-rich fraction to oleic ethyl ester (X 1 , 1:4, 1:5 and 1:6), reaction temperature (X 2 , 50, 55 and 60 o C), and time (X 3 , 3, 7.5 and 12 h). The optimal conditions for HMFS synthesis were predicted at the reaction combination of 55 o C, 3 h and 1:6 substrate ratio. HMFS re-synthesized under the same conditions displayed 70.70% palmitic acid at the sn-2 position and 69.58% oleic acid at the sn-1,3 position. Reaction product was predominantly (90.35%) triacylglycerol (TAG) was observed in which the major TAG species, OPO, comprised 31.24%.
1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-3-oleoyl glycerol (POO) and 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-3-palmitoyl glycerol (POP) were enriched from palm stearin using an acetone fractionation process. Response surface methodology was employed to optimize the purity of POO (Y1, %) and POP (Y2, %) along with POO+POP content (Y3, g) based on independent variables such as fractionation temperature (X1, 25, 30, and 35 o C) and the ratio of palm stearin to acetone (X2, 1:3, 1:6 and 1:9, w/v). Fractionation conditions were optimized to maximize Y1, Y2, and Y3, in which fractionation temperature was 29.3 o C with a 1:5.7 acetone ratio. With such parameters, 60.9% of POP and 23.8% of POO purity were expected with a 75% yield (3.0 g) of POO and POP.
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