Long-term dynamic tracking of cells with theranostics properties remains challenging due to difficulty in preparing and delivering drugs by the probes. Herein, we developed a highly fluorescent one- and two-photon...
Intermittent
subcutaneous (S.C.) injection of teriparatide [PTH
(1–34)] is one of the effective therapies to cure osteoporosis.
However, a long-term repeated administration of teriparatide by S.C.
to the patients is highly challenging. Herein, a triple padlock nanocarrier
prepared by a taurocholic acid-conjugated chondroitin sulfate A (TCSA)
is designed to develop an oral dosage form of recombinant human teriparatide
(rhPTH). Oral administration of TCSA/rhPTH to the bilateral ovariectomized
(OVX) rats resulted in the recovery of the bone marrow density and
healthy serum bone parameters from the severe osteoporotic conditions.
Also, it enhanced new bone formation in the osteoporotic tibias. This
triple padlock oral delivery platform overcame the current barriers
associated with teriparatide administration and exhibited a promising
therapeutic effect against osteoporosis.
After the COVID-19 pandemic, the development of an accurate diagnosis and monitoring of diseases became a more important issue. In order to fabricate high-performance and sensitive biosensors, many researchers and scientists have used many kinds of nanomaterials such as metal nanoparticles (NPs), metal oxide NPs, quantum dots (QDs), and carbon nanomaterials including graphene and carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Among them, CNTs have been considered important biosensing channel candidates due to their excellent physical properties such as high electrical conductivity, strong mechanical properties, plasmonic properties, and so on. Thus, in this review, CNT-based biosensing systems are introduced and various sensing approaches such as electrochemical, optical, and electrical methods are reported. Moreover, such biosensing platforms showed excellent sensitivity and high selectivity against not only viruses but also virus DNA structures. So, based on the amazing potential of CNTs-based biosensing systems, healthcare and public health can be significantly improved.
Type
2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic and progressive hyperglycemic
condition. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP1) is an incretin secreted
from pancreatic β-cells and helps to produce insulin to balance
the blood glucose level without the risk of hypoglycemia. However,
the therapeutic application of GLP1 is limited by its intrinsic short
half-life and rapid metabolic clearance in the body. To enhance the
antidiabetic effect of GLP1, we designed a human cysteine-modified
IgG1-Fc antibody-mediated oral gene delivery vehicle, which helps
to produce GLP1 sustainably in the target site with the help of increased
half-life of the Fc-conjugated nanocarrier, protects GLP1 from acidic
and enzymatic degradation in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, uptakes
and transports the GLP1 formulation through the neonatal Fc receptor
(FcRn), and helps to release the GLP1 gene in the intestine. Our formulation
could reduce the blood glucose from about an average of 320 mg/dL
(hyperglycemic) to 150 mg/dL (normal blood glucose concentration)
in diabetic mice, which is about 50% reduction of the total blood
glucose concentration. GLP1 (500 μg) complexed with the IgG1-Fc
carrier was proven to be the optimal dose for a complete reduction
of hyperglycemic conditions in diabetic mice. A significant amount
of insulin production and the presence of GLP1 peptide were observed
in the pancreatic islets of oral GLP1 formulation-treated diabetic
mice in immunohistochemistry analysis compared to nontreated diabetic
mice. The orally given formulation was completely nontoxic according
to the histopathology analysis of mice organ tissues, and no mice
death was observed. Our antibody-mediated oral gene delivery system
is a promising tool for various oral therapeutic gene delivery applications
to treat diseases like diabetes.
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