The functionalization of cationic surfactants on Fe3O4 nanoparticles serves two roles at the same time: microalgae harvesting and cell disruption for lipid extraction.

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Mixed phases of Fe3O4 and Fe5C2, interacting properly with SiO2, produce highly selective olefins from syngas.

Ni catalysts are most suitable for a steam methane reforming (SMR) reaction considering the activity and the cost, although coke formation remains the main problem. Here, Ni-based spinel catalysts with various Mg contents were developed through the synthesis of mesoporous Mg-aluminate supports by evaporation-induced self-assembly followed by Ni loading via incipient wetness impregnation. The mesoporous Ni/Mg-aluminate spinel catalysts showed high coke resistance under accelerated reaction conditions (0.0014 gcoke/gcat·h for Ni/Mg30, 0.0050 gcoke/gcat·h for a commercial catalyst). The coke resistance of the developed catalyst showed a clear trend: the higher the Mg content, the lower the coke deposition. The Ni catalysts with the lower Mg content showed a higher surface area and smaller Ni particle size, which originated from the difference of the sintering resistance and the exsolution of Ni particles. Despite these advantageous attributes of Ni catalysts, the coke resistance was higher for the catalysts with the higher Mg content while the catalytic activity was dependent on the reaction conditions. This reveals that the enhanced basicity of the catalyst could be the major parameter for the reduction of coke deposition in the SMR reaction.

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