The TBI generated by the RF/LOOCV provided greater accuracy for detecting ectasia than other techniques. The TBI was sensitive for detecting subclinical (fruste) ectasia among eyes with normal topography in very asymmetric patients. The TBI may also confirm unilateral ectasia, potentially characterizing the inherent ectasia susceptibility of the cornea, which should be the subject of future studies. [J Refract Surg. 2017;33(7):434-443.].

Refractive errors affect the majority of the population. The Gutenberg Health Study sample contains more myopes than other study cohorts in adult populations. Our findings do not support the hypothesis of a generally lower prevalence of myopia among adults in Europe as compared with East Asia.

PURPOSE. To assess the suitability of corneal anterior and posterior surface aberrations and thickness profile data for discrimination between eyes with early keratoconus (KC), fellow eyes of eyes with early KC, and normal eyes. METHODS. Thirty-two eyes (group 1) of 25 patients were newly diagnosed with KC; 17 eyes of 17 patients (group 2) were asymptomatic fellow eyes without clinical signs of KC. One hundred twenty-three healthy eyes of 69 patients were negative control eyes (group 3). Zernike coefficients from anterior and posterior surfaces, data from corneal thickness spatial profiles, and output values of discriminant functions based on wavefront and pachymetry data were assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis for their usefulness in discriminating between KC (groups 1, 2) eyes and control eyes. RESULTS. Vertical coma (C(3)(-1)) from the anterior surface was the coefficient with the highest ability to discriminate between groups 2 and 3 (area under the ROC curve [A(z)ROC] = 0.980; cutoff, -0.2 microm). For posterior wavefront coefficients and pachymetry data, A(z)ROC values were lower. Constructing discriminant functions from Zernike coefficients increased A(z)ROC values. The function containing first-surface data reached an A(z)ROC of 0.993; the functions containing posterior surface or pachymetry data had lower A(z)ROC values (0.932 and 0.903, respectively). The function with anterior, posterior, and pachymetry data reached an A(z)ROC of 1.0. CONCLUSIONS. Corneal wavefront and pachymetry data enabled highly accurate distinction of eyes with subclinical keratoconus from normal eyes. Posterior aberrations and thickness spatial profile data did not markedly improve discriminative ability over that of anterior wavefront data alone.

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There are large discrepancies in the test results between CS testing methods, especially under different lighting conditions. Results from different CS tests are not interchangeable.

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In comparison to a spherical IOL, the aspherical Tecnis IOL reduced Z(4)(0) and 4th-order RMS significantly for pupil diameters of 3 to 6 mm, whereas total HOA RMS was only significantly reduced for a pupil diameter of 6 mm.