The following definition formally captures the notion of aggregators complementing or substituting for traditional news-reading.Definition 1 Aggregators are substitutes (complements) to traditional news-reading technology for news of typeNote that even though aggregator-augmented technology always weakly increases total news consumption it might decrease the number of news stories that are directly consumed on the publishers' websites if aggregators are substitutes and consumers can effectively consume news directly on aggregators' home pages (π HGN ).We can refine the definition further by saying that Google News is a substitute (complement) for reading articles if πDAnalogously, Google News is a substitute for publisher home pages if the consumption of those publisher home pages is lower in a regime with Google News. Note, we have not directly defined notation for the
a b s t r a c tThis paper studies a value function iteration algorithm based on nonexpansive function approximation and Monte Carlo integration that can be applied to almost all stationary dynamic programming problems. The method can be represented using a randomized fitted Bellman operator and a corresponding algorithm that is shown to be globally convergent with probability one. When additional restrictions are imposed, an O P ðn À1=2 Þ rate of convergence for Monte Carlo error is obtained.
Applying intelligent robots in the industry is a way to increase for production flexibility and reliability, to improve quality for workpieces, to make it high production and to reduce the cost. During automation of production and assembly using robots it is necesary to replaced the humán inspection applying sensors. In this paper the author gives an overview about his experiments in the field of monitoring and robotized assembly focused on development, testing and applying force/torque sensors. Using robots, the monitorization is a way to eliminate the disturbances during automation in production. The measuring test ofindustrial robots and mechanical robotperipheries (end-effectors, fixtures, tools, etc.) gives the most important technical data., which show ifthey are able to reálisé the given operations or not.
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