This study aimed to analyze the socioeconomic, demographic, obstetric, neonatal and healthcare factors associated with access to care by women during childbirth. It was a transversal study conducted on puerperal women in two university hospitals in the state of Paraná, Brazil in 2011. Access to childbirth was analyzed according to socioeconomic, demographic, obstetric, neonatal and healthcare variables. The puerperal women were interviewed during hospitalization, in the first 72 hours after birth. The data was analyzed by relative frequencies and calculation of the x2, considering a significant association when p≤ 0.05. The overall rate of women referred to university hospitals was 17.7%. A significant associated was found between access to childbirth and: residing in other cities; premature birth; underweight newborns; complications in the current pregnancy and the use of ambulances. It was concluded that the associated factors found in this study suggest that pregnant women with some risk required referral to university hospitals.

Objectives: Community members should be trained so that witnesses of cardiac arrests are able to trigger the emergency system and perform adequate resuscitation. In this study, the authors evaluated the results of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training of communities in four Brazilian cities, using personal resuscitation manikins. Methods:In total, 9,200 manikins were distributed in Apucarana, Itanha em, Maringá, and São Carlos, which are cities where the populations range from 80,000 to 325,000 inhabitants. Elementary and secondary school teachers were trained on how to identify a cardiac arrest, trigger the emergency system, and perform chest compressions. The teachers were to transfer the training to their students, who would then train their families and friends.Results: In total, 49,131 individuals were trained (6.7% of the population), but the original strategy of using teachers and students as multipliers was responsible for only 27.9% of the training. A total of 508 teachers were trained, and only 88 (17.3%) transferred the training to the students. Furthermore, the students have trained only 45 individuals of the population. In Maringá and São Carlos, the strategy was changed and professionals in the primary health care system were prepared and used as multipliers. This strategy proved extremely effective, especially in Maringá, where 39,041 individuals were trained (79.5% of the total number of trainings). Community health care providers were more effective in passing the training to students than the teachers (odds ratio [OR] = 7.12; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.74 to 10.69; p < 0.0001).Conclusions: Instruction of CPR using personal manikins by professionals in the primary health care system seems to be a more efficient strategy for training the community than creating a training network in the schools.ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE 2014;21:886-891

ResumoIdentificar alguns fatores associados com a violência física por parceiro íntimo na gestação. Estudo transversal, com 358 puérperas residentes no município de Maringá (Paraná), atendidas pelo Sistema Único de Saúde, em que foi utilizado o instrumento World Health Organization Violence Against Women. A análise de associação foi realizada por meio do Odds Ratio OR. A prevalência da violência física por parceiro íntimo na gestação foi de 7,5%, sendo maior entre as multigestas (89%; OR = 6,3; p<0,001). Houve associação significativa da violência física por parceiro íntimo na gestação com não ter religião (OR = 3,1; p = 0,008), ter fumado na gestação (OR = 2,7, p = 0,025) e ter filhos de outro parceiro (OR = 3,4; p = 0,011). Com relação às características do companheiro, houve associação com o companheiro não ter trabalhado durante a gestação (OR = 8,2; p<0,001) e uso de drogas ilícitas (OR = 3,1, p = 0,031). Os profissionais de saúde que atendem no pré-natal devem investigar possíveis ocorrências de violência física na gestação, principalmente em mulheres multigestas, e oferecer atenção multidisciplinar extensiva à família, do planejamento familiar ao cuidado psicossocial. PalavRas-cHaveViolência contra a mulher, gestação, saúde da mulher, maus-tratos conjugais, violência doméstica (Fonte: DeCS, BIREME).