Severe infections by the acanthocephalan Neoechinorhynchus buttnerae were reported in Colossoma macropomum in fish farms in northern Brazil. The occurrence of the parasite is recorded for the first time in the state of Roraima, Brazil, along with its parasite indexes. Fifty C. macropomum from a fish farm were analyzed. We collected a total of 13474 individual parasites. Neoechinorhynchus buttnerae had a prevalence of 100%, and mean intensity and mean abundance of 269.48. Significant positive correlations were observed between fish standard length, weight and relative condition factor and the number of parasites. Our results showed evident loss of body mass in the parasitized fish. Fish farmers in Roraima should be advised to manage the infection of C. macropomum by N. buttnerae, as massive infections of this parasite can deteriorate the health of the fish.KEYWORDS: Acanthocephala, intestine, parasites, parasitic indexes, tambaqui Primeiro registro de Neoechinorhynchus buttnerae (Eoacantocephala, Neochinorhynchidae) em Colossoma macropomum (Characidae) em uma fazenda de peixes em Roraima, Brasil RESUMOInfecções severas pelo acantocéfalo Neoechinorhynchus buttnerae foram relatados em Colossoma macropomum em fazendas no norte do Brasil. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o primeiro registro de ocorrência deste parasita no estado de Roraima, Brasil, relatando seus índices parasitários. Cinquenta C. macropomum de uma fazenda foram analisados. Coletamos um total de 13474 parasitas. Neoechinorhynchus buttnerae mostrou uma prevalência de 100%, com uma intensidade média e abundância média de 269,48. O comprimento padrão, peso e fator de condição relativo dos peixes foram correlacionados positiva e significativamente com o número de parasitas. Nossos resultados mostraram perda evidente de massa corporal nos peixes. Nosso registro da presença de N. buttnerae infectando C. macropomum no estado de Roraima é um alerta aos piscicultores, pois infecções massivas podem deteriorar a saúde dos peixes. PALAVRAS-CHAVE AMAZONICAThe tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1818) is the principal native Amazonian fish species reared in Brazil (IBGE 2014), and has great acceptance by consumers, and high commercial value (Melo et al. 2001). Its success in aquaculture is due to characteristics such as rapid growth, omnivorous feeding behavior, and its capacity to support a great variation in physical and chemical characteristics of the water (Melo et al. 2001;Gomes et al. 2010).Colossoma macropomum is mainly produced in the Amazon region in semi-intensive and intensive systems (Izet et al. 2013). In the north of Brazil, some cases of acanthocephalan dissemination have been reported (Noga 2010). Recently, severe infections by the acanthocephalan Neoechinorhynchus buttnerae (Golvan, 1956) have been described in Rondônia, causing economic losses in fish farms (Chagas et al. 2015;Oliveira et al. 2015).Fish growth can be affected by N. buttnerae infection, since this parasite uses its proboscis to attach to the intestine tissue...
Third-stage larvae (L 3 ) of Hysterothylacium sp. were collected by the first time in juveniles of pirarucu Arapaima gigas farmed in the Rio Preto da Eva, Amazonas state. Ninety-eight (98) out of 100 examined fish showed to be parasitized. Five hundred and ninety larvae of Hysterothylacium sp. were collected from the intestines, stomach and pyloric caeca. The mean intensity of parasite indexes was 6.02 (±5.75) ranging from 1 to 40 larvae per host and the mean abundance was 5.9 (±5.76). The A. gigas is the new host record for larvae of Hysterothylacium sp. in Brazil, and this is the first record of larvae of Hysterothylacium (Nematoda: Anisakidae) with zoonotic potential in the pirarucu from South America.
O acantocéfalo Neoechinorhynchus (Neoechinorhynchus) buttnerae Golvan, 1956 é altamente específico para Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1818) e tem sido registrado em diferentes pisciculturas no Brasil. Os danos que pode causar variam desde deficiencias nutricionais, alterações morfológicas, lesões no intestino, até a morte dos peixes. Assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivo registrar a presença deste parasita e avaliar seus índices parasitários. Doze C. macropomum provenientes de um viveiro escavado no município Rio Preto da Eva, no Amazonas, Brasil foram analisados. Dos peixes analisados foram identificados e coletados 4170 indivíduos de N.(N.) buttnerae parasitando o intestino dos peixes com uma prevalência de 100%, intensidade de infecção entre 107 – 921 e, uma intensidade e abundância média de 347,5 ± 239,16. Existiu uma correlaçao positiva entre o tamanho dos peixes e o número de parasitas presente no intestino dos C. macropomum. Os altos índices parasitários registrados servem como sinal de alerta para os piscicultores, considerando os danos que este parasita pode causar no cultivo de C. macropomum. Medidas profilácticas e sanitárias devem ser levadas em consideração ao cultivar esta espécie de peixe em pisciculturas da Amazônia brasileira.
Helicometrina nimia (Opecoelidae) is a digenean with wide distribution. Fish families most commonly used as hosts for H. nimia are Serranidae, Pomodasydae, Scorpaenidae and Clinidae. In the present study, a new host and a new host locality are presented for the species. A description of the studied specimens, besides comments concerning its taxonomic status and biometrically compared tables of H. nimia reports are given. The taxonomic status of members of Helicometrina has been questionable. The greatest controversy for the genus seems to be related to the validity of diagnostic features, especially in regard to the number of testes. In the present study, all studied specimens presented a permanent and steady number of testes (n=9) and therefore its use as a diagnostic character is supported by the present authors. Epinephelus marginatus is considered a new host for Helicometrina nimia, and São Paulo state, southeastern Brazil, a new locality for the species.Keywords: parasitology, marine fish, stomach, intestine. Palavras-chave: parasitologia, peixe marinho, estômago, intestino. Helicometrina nimia
La sal se recomienda comúnmente como un tratamiento económico contra los monogenoideos en peces de agua dulce; sin embargo, pocos estudios han evaluado científicamente su eficacia. En el presente estudio probamos la efectividad del tratamiento con sal contra la infestación de Dawestrema cycloancistrium Price & Nowling, 1967 en paiches (Arapaima gigas (Schinz, 1822)) provenientes de cultivo. Piscicultores de la ciudad de Iquitos, Perú, comenzaron a notar la mortalidad en especímenes de A. gigas cultivados en sus estanques. Para determinar la causa de la mortalidad, se enviaron 26 muestras de 13 piscicultores al Laboratorio de Parasitología y Sanidad Acuícola del Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana, Iquitos-Perú. Las branquias analizadas mostraron altos niveles de infestación por D. cycloanistrium. Para el tratamiento de peces infestados, se probó la sal en tres concentraciones: T1 = 15 gL-1; T2 = 25 gL-1; y T3 = 30 gL-1. El tratamiento 3 (30 gL-1) demostró ser el más efectivo contra la infestación por D. cycloancistrium. El número de parásitos liberados y contados 24 horas después de la aplicación de los tratamientos fue superior a los 30 minutos posteriores a la aplicación del tratamiento, lo que demuestra que los parásitos continúan separándose de los arcos branquiales de los huéspedes hasta 24 horas después de la aplicación de la sal. Es necesario evaluar otras concentraciones de sal y diferentes tiempos de exposición para encontrar el tratamiento más efectivo y seguro para A. gigas infestadas por D. cycloancistrium.
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