Although intervention trials have demonstrated significant improvement in mammography adherence for African American women, many of the current measurement tools used in these interventions have not been assessed for validity and reliability in ethnic minorities. This study assessed the validity and reliability of Health Belief Model (HBM) variables that are often the target of mammography interventions. Scale validity and reliability was assessed for HBM scales in a sample of 344 low-income African American women. Validity was supported through exploratory factor analysis and theoretical prediction of relationships. Internal consistency reliability was above . 73 for all scales.

The purpose of this study was to test an intervention to increase mammography screening in women ages 51 to 75 who had not received a mammogram in the last 15 months. A total of 1681 women were randomized to: 1) a mailed tailored interactive DVD, 2) a computer-tailored telephone counseling, or 3) usual care. Women with incomes below $75,000 who were in the interactive DVD group had significantly more mammograms than women in usual care. Women with incomes above $75,000 had significantly fewer mammograms than women with incomes less than $75,000 regardless of group. Further investigation is needed to understand why women with incomes above $75,000 did not show the same benefit of the intervention. Clinical Trials number: NCT00287040

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