Measuring Mammography and Breast Cancer Beliefs in African American Women

Abstract

Although intervention trials have demonstrated significant improvement in mammography adherence for African American women, many of the current measurement tools used in these interventions have not been assessed for validity and reliability in ethnic minorities. This study assessed the validity and reliability of Health Belief Model (HBM) variables that are often the target of mammography interventions. Scale validity and reliability was assessed for HBM scales in a sample of 344 low-income African American women. Validity was supported through exploratory factor analysis and theoretical prediction of relationships. Internal consistency reliability was above . 73 for all scales.

Maltese Translation and Adaptation of Champion’s Health Belief Model Scale and the Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire for Breast Screening Among Maltese Women

“…In our study, internal consistency ranged from 0.69 to 0.83 for health beliefs. Similarly, internal consistency reliability ranged from 0.69 to 0.83 in Gozum and Aydin's study (Gozum & Aydin, 2004), from 0.64 to 0.79 in Hashemian and colleagues' study (Hashemian, Shokravi, Lamyian, Hassanpour & Akaberi, 2013), and was above 0.73 for all scales in Champion's study (Champion et al, 2008) among African-American women. A high consistency was observed in our study between the three perceived susceptibility scale items.…”

“…Similarly, Cronbach's alpha coefficient for Champion's subscales were also reported between 0.77 to 0.90 among Chinese American women (Wu & Yu, 2003), and were found to be equal to 0.88 (barriers) and 0.93 (benefits) in a Malaysian study (Parsa, Kandiah, Mohd Nasir, Hejar & Nor Afiah, 2008), 0.89 and 0.73 respectively among African-American women (Champion et al, 2008) but lower (0.63 for benefits) in Medina-Shepherd and Kleier's study (Medina-Shepherd & Kleier, 2010). Among…”

“…Since then, Champion's HBM scale has been tested for reliability and validity around the globe and translated for Iranian (Hashemian, Shokravi, Lamyian, Hassanpour & Akaberi, 2013;Taymoori & Berry, 2009), Lithuanian (Zelviene & Bogusevicius, 2007), Malaysian (Parsa, Kandiah, Mohd Nasir, Hejar & Nor Afiah, 2008), Arabic (Mikhail & Petro-Nustas, 2001), Korean (Lee, Kim & Song, 2002), Chinese-Australian (Kwok, Fethney & White, 2010), Turkish (Norman & Brain, 2005;Lunt, Bowen & Lee, 2005), African-American (Champion et al, 2008), and Spanish-speaking American women (Medina-Shepherd & Kleier, 2010). Findings of these studies have provided support for the validity and reliability of these HBM-based scales, though poor construct validity was shown in a Peruvian-translated version (Champion et al, 2008) and in a Spanish version (Esteva et al, 2007).…”

“…This is because a gap exists in our understanding of factors impacting Maltese women's decisions to undergo breast screening (BS), partly due to the lack of instruments locally validated for this aim. The instruments chosen for translation and adaptation were selected from the extent literature, which shows that health beliefs and illness perceptions are key determinants of BS behaviour Champion et al, 2008;MossMorris et al, 2002).…”

Attitudes of South Asian Women to Breast Health and Breast Cancer Screening: Findings from a Community Based Sample in the United States

“…Its validity and reliability has been replicated among several racial and Asian ethnic minority populations across the world (Champion et al, 2008;Parsa et al, 2008;Anagnostopoulos et al, 2012;Tsangari and Petro-Nustas, 2012;Fouladi et al, 2013;Subramanian et al, 2013;Tsunematsu et al, 2013). While much of the prior work done to examine attitudes and beliefs towards cancer and screening among South Asians has been limited to small qualitative studies (Kishore et al, 2008;Karbani et al, 2011), this is the first community sample from two large metropolitan cities in the US that used constructs from the HBM to examine breast cancer screening attitudes.…”