We have fabricated high performance field-effect transistors made from semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). Using chemical vapor deposition to grow the tubes, annealing to improve the contacts, and an electrolyte as a gate, we obtain very high device mobilities and transconductances. These measurements demonstrate that SWNTs are attractive for both electronic applications and for chemical and biological sensing.

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This contribution investigates thermokinetic parameters of bimolecular gas-phase reactions involving the amine (NH) radical and a large number of saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons. These reactions play an important role in combustion and pyrolysis of nitrogen-rich fuels, most notably biomass. Computations performed at the CBS-QB3 level and based on the conventional transition-state theory yield potential-energy surfaces and reaction rate constants, accounting for tunnelling effects and the presence of hindered rotors. In an analogy to other H abstraction systems, we demonstrate only a small influence of variational effects on the rate constants for selected reaction. The studied reactions cover the abstraction of hydrogen atoms by the NH radical from the C-H bonds in C-C species, and four C hydrocarbons of 2-methylbutane, 2-methyl-1-butene, 3-methyl-1-butene, 3-methyl-2-butene, and 3-methyl-1-butyne. For the abstraction of H from methane, in the temperature windows 300-500 and 1600-2000 K, the calculated reaction rate constants concur with the available experimental measurements, i.e., k/k = 0.3-2.5 and 1.1-1.4, and the previous theoretical estimates. Abstraction of H atom from ethane attains the ratio of k/k equal to 0.10-1.2 and 1.3-1.5 over the temperature windows of available experimental measurements, i.e., 300-900 K and 1500-2000 K, respectively. For the remaining alkanes (propane and n-butane), the average k/k ratio remains 2.6 and 1.3 over the temperature range of experimental data. Also, comparing the calculated standard enthalpy of reaction (ΔH°) with the available experimental measurements for alkanes, we found the mean unsigned error of computations as 3.7 kJ mol. This agreement provides an accuracy benchmark of our methodology, affording the estimation of the unreported kinetic parameters for H abstractions from alkenes and alkynes. On the basis of the Evans-Polanyi plots, calculated bond dissociation enthalpies (BDHs) correlate linearly with the standard enthalpy of activation (ΔH°), allowing estimation of the enthalpy barrier for reaction of NH with other hydrocarbons in future work. Finally, we develop six sets of the generalized Arrhenius rate parameters for H abstractions from different C-H bond types. These parameters extend the application of the present results to any noncyclic hydrocarbon interacting with the NH radical.

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This study involves the investigation of a new method for the preparation of colloidally stable poly(3,4ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDT) dispersions. Our experimental data show for the first time that a relatively short-chain alcohol ethoxylate surfactant (C 16 E 16 , where C and E represent the methylene and ethylene oxide groups, respectively) can be used to stabilise a conducting polymer dispersion. The principle techniques used to study the PEDT dispersions are photon correlation spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and electrical conductivity measurements (of pelletised samples). Microanalytical data are also presented. The oxidant (ammonium persulfate, APS) oxidises the surfactant and monomer simultaneously during dispersion synthesis causing production of surfactant aggregates and conducting polymer particles, respectively. The oxidation results in control samples of surfactant solution becoming turbid. The anionic surfactant aggregates adsorb onto the growing PEDT particles and provide electrosteric stabilisation for the PEDT dispersions. The effect of several key parameters on the hydrodynamic diameter for the PEDT particles are investigated, e.g., APS and surfactant concentration. Stable dispersions result only when critical concentrations of the APS and surfactant are exceeded. The electrical conductivity for PEDT samples increases with decreasing amount of surfactant used during preparation. A maximum conductivity of 0.016 S cm 21 was measured.

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