The hydrogen chromate anion (HCrO4-), which is the predominant species in acidic solutions and solutions with low chromium concentration, was determined by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) using UV detection on-column at 200 nm. A fused-silica capillary (55 cm x 50 microm i.d.) was employed with a high negative voltage of 20 kV. Total chromium was determined after reduction by H2O2 and its complexation by EDTA. The use of H2O2 as reducing agent is advantageous, as it does not increase the conductivity of the solution. Detection limits achieved (for 200 s injection time) were 30 and 8 microg/L for Cr(VI) and Cr(III), respectively. The CZE results obtained for Cr(III) and Cr(VI) were compared with those obtained by ion exchange with subsequent AAS.
Considering the great importance that the infection by Toxoplasma gondii has in public health, the aim of this article was to demonstrate some aspects about this disease in human being. This parasite can cause several behavioral changes and many cases of reactivation of this disease are associated with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -AIDS. Major cases of human infections by T. gondii are assymptomatic and the main clinical manifestation in the acute phase of this zoonosis is lymphadenopathy, usually in the cervical area. There may also be fever, night sweats, myalgia, maculopapular rash lymphocytic atypia and chorioretinitis. The congenital and/or acquired chronic latent cerebral toxoplasmosis play an important role in the development of some types of neurodegeneration, like Alzheimer disease and Down Syndrome. Humans and animals should not consume raw or undercooked meat, unpasteurized or not boiled dairy products, water without being treated and poorly washed fruits and vegetables. Educational programs focused on reducing T. gondii environmental contamination are essential for the congenital infection control. Due to the severity of this kind of infection and its sequel, it is critical that those responsible for the community's health establish prevention programs to avoid such a situation, obtaining results in the medium and long term, and particularly preserving the involved population's welfare. A lack or incomplete prenatal treatment was identified as an important risk factor for congenital toxoplasmosis, reinforcing the need of improvement of prenatal care. In this study was demonstrated the importance of implementing prevention programs to guide pregnant women to prevent the infection. Preventive measures like information and health education; screening of pregnant women and infants; limiting harm from risk behaviour; treatment of risk cases and vaccination are recommended. Serum monitoring throughout pregnancy, so as detect cases of maternal seroconversion allowing for early maternal treatment is also basic. Some countries have adopted control programs of human toxoplasmosis, however, this issue should be of world attention, considering its relevant aspects of public health, requiring the establishment of community education campaigns and monitoring of pregnant women in the pre and neonatal, especially in a preventive action to reduce the pathogenic effects of this disease.
A ideia de elaboração do livro Fundamentos Teóricos e Metodológicos da Pesquisa em Educação em Ciências, teve sua origem a partir da realização de uma disciplina de Metodologia da Pesquisa, ministrado pelos professores organizadores desta obra em 2019/01 no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação em Ciências (PPGEC) da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Como avaliação da referida disciplina, os alunos foram divididos em grupos e coletivamente escreveram um texto sobre cada tipo de pesquisa que costumeiramente são abordadas em Educação em Ciências. O livro está divido em seis seções, que apresentam os principais tipos de pesquisa trabalhados em Educação em Ciências: quanto a abordagem, quanto a Natureza, quanto aos objetivos, quanto aos procedimentos ou escolha do objeto de estudo, quanto a Técnica de Coleta de Dados (Instrumentos) e quanto aos Métodos de Análise de Dados. Com essa obra, esperamos contribuir com os estudos de nossos alunos (Mestrandos e Doutorandos) que vierem a cursar essa disciplina no futuro bem como proporcionar a comunidade acadêmica uma nova obra para ser utilizada nas pesquisas em Educação em Ciências.
Purpose-Marketing strategies can be used to leverage business in the service sector, specifically in veterinary medicine; among other benefits, it can make a difference in satisfaction and consequent customer loyalty. Marketing should be used with ethics and professionalism due is one administration area that contributes to effective management in the continuous pursuit of quality in the provision of services and demonstrate that veterinary clinics have much to gain if managed with support of marketing strategies. This paper aims to analyze the applicability of marketing strategies in the management of small animal clinics, such as guidelines to the entrepreneurs of this services sector. Design/methodology/approach-Marketing literature is plentiful in proposing alternative strategies, whether focused on the achievement and loyalty of customers, whether to raise the competitiveness of an organization or simply to its survival in the market. In this study, some marketing strategies were selected, on secondary data research, in theoretical framework, to investigate their application in the practice of veterinary medicine. This study emphasizes promotional strategy toward communication with the market and construction of organizational image, using public relations as marketing strategy. Findings-The use of marketing strategies is recommended in the management of small animal clinical practice, especially with respect to the high customer satisfaction by streamlining the procedures and optimizing veterinary services provision. Originality/value-This study is different because it proposes an integrated system of management techniques in veterinary organizations, which will lead to better efficiency of attendance, adding value to the service provided and generating greater profitability for the organization, which positively reflects on the economic point of view and for the image of the company and its professionals, providing a better quality of life for both clients and their pets.
Avaliação da recuperação de áreas degradadas por exploração de cascalho laterítico por meio da incorporação de lodo de esgoto. Estudo de caso no Distrito Federal Assessment of the recovery of degraded areas by exploration of lateritic gravel by the incorporation of sewage sludge. Case study in the Federal District
En Brasil los libros didácticos son uno de los recursos más utilizados en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en la educación básica, siendo, por lo tanto, fundamentales para la construcción del conocimiento de los estudiantes. De acuerdo con las orientaciones y normativas educativas brasileñas, especialmente en la enseñanza de ciencias y de biología, es necesario que los contenidos abordados en esos libros, presenten la realidad local, proporcionando a sus lectores, conocimiento sobre el medio en que viven y que interactúan. Por lo tanto, el presente trabajo investigó cómo los libros didácticos más utilizados por escuelas públicas del municipio de Uruguaiana-RS, abordan el tema bioma Pampa, local el cual, las escuelas están insertadas. Para ello, se elaboró una matriz, constituida por categorías, que objetivan analizar el abordaje de todos los biomas brasileños, los cuales recibieron puntuaciones, así como el propio libro. Se observó que en todos los libros didácticos analizados, el abordaje de los biomas ocurre de forma resumida. La Pampa fue el bioma menos abordado en todos los libros, incluso con ocurrencias de informaciones erradas y obsoletas. Los datos indican que los libros no presentan la misma forma de abordaje para esos importantes ecosistemas brasileños y debidos a los libros que se utilizan en todo el territorio nacional, resaltamos la necesidad de actualizar los libros didácticos para subsidiar una práctica docente más adecuada y contextualizada.
A relação da temática Agrotóxicos com o ambiente escolar e os processos pedagógicos é de grande importância, considerando o ensino e aprendizagem das vantagens e desvantagens do uso desses produtos na agricultura e seu impacto no ambiente e na saúde das pessoas. Os conceitos oriundos dessa temática podem ser desenvolvidos e debatidos com os estudantes de maneira contextualizada e interdisciplinar envolvendo as disciplinas da Biologia, Física e Química que compreendem a área das Ciências da Natureza, além de outras áreas. O presente estudo tem como objetivo verificar as percepções dos estudantes quanto à temática Agrotóxicos em uma escola pública do município de Sinop/MT. A coleta de dados se deu por meio de um questionário com perguntas abertas e fechadas. Foi possível perceber que grande parte dos estudantes possuem conhecimentos prévios sobre a temática, destacando em seus discursos a relação com a palavra “veneno”. Pontua-se que a temática não alcança todo o contexto escolar e estudantes, necessitando maior articulação com o cotidiano dos estudantes e a capacitação através da formação dos(as) professores(as).
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