not Available.

Silver electrodes were studied by means of potentials and x‐ray diffraction patterns. The silver was charged anodically in 35%KOH by means of either constant current or constant potential, and discharged at a low or high rate. Attempts were made to form an oxide higher than normalAgO by means of anodization. The products of anodization of silver in 2N H2SO4 were determined. The basis for the theory that the oxides of silver are formed by the introduction of oxygen into the octants of the face‐centered cubic silver lattice was examined.

Silver electrodes were examined in 20–50% KOH using a cell permitting simultaneous x‐ray diffraction and electrochemical studies. Highly oriented smooth rolled sheet Ag developed randomly oriented Ag on its surface during early cycles. Charge‐discharge capacity increased to a maximum as surface area increased. normalAgO crystal size and amount formed varied inversely with charging c. d. High charge rates gave tight coatings of small normalAgO crystals that limited further oxidation. Reactions took place initially at the outer surface of the electrode. Oxidation to Ag2O and normalAgO and reduction to Ag2O and Ag occurred by formation of distinct crystals rather than expansion or contraction of preexisting crystal lattices. Discharge capacity at the normalAgO/Ag2O potential plateau depended more on surface area than on quantity of normalAgO . A slow discharge produced smoother Ag surfaces, lowering capacity of the next cycle. There was never evidence of a suboxide, oxidation state higher than normalAgO , solid solution, or alloy of oxygen and silver.

The anodic corrosion product formed on lead in sulfuric acid solutions depends on the potential of the metal surface.In the potential range between lead-lead sulfate and lead sulfate-lead dioxide, the following compounds were identified by electron diffraction: monobasic lead sulfate, lead hydroxide, and lead monoxide. In additibn, the diffraction pattern for an unidentified material was observed. Coordinated potential-time curves show arrests corresponding to the appearance of these compounds. The physical nature of these corrosion films is discussed.

normalPbO·PbSO4 , 3normalPbO·PbSO4·H2O , and 4normalPbO·PbSO4 were prepared by reacting normalPbO and dilute H2SO4 . The crystalline phases were identified by x‐ray diffraction patterns, and electron microscope examination showed all three to be prismatic needles, The three basic sulfates were oxidized anodically in dilute sulfuric acid, and x‐ray diffraction showed that each transformed to βPbO2 . The pellet made from 4normalPbO·PbSO4 was mechanically strong, and the transformation to PbO2 was largely metasomatic after the original crystals of the basic sulfate. The three anodic preparations were examined in the electron microscope and showed the presence of prismatic and nodular particles of PbO2 .